271. Circumstances in which company may be wound up by Tribunal
(1) A company may, on a petition under section 272, be wound up by the Tribunal,—
(a) if the company is unable to pay its debts;
(b) if the company has, by special resolution, resolved that the company be
wound up by the Tribunal;
(c) if the company has acted against the interests of the sovereignty and integrity
of India, the security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order,
decency or morality;
(d) if the Tribunal has ordered the winding up of the company under
Chapter XIX;
(e) if on an application made by the Registrar or any other person authorised
by the Central Government by notification under this Act, the Tribunal is of the
opinion that the affairs of the company have been conducted in a fraudulent manner
or the company was formed for fraudulent and unlawful purpose or the persons
concerned in the formation or management of its affairs have been guilty of fraud,
misfeasance or misconduct in connection therewith and that it is proper that the
company be wound up;
(f) if the company has made a default in filing with the Registrar its financial
statements or annual returns for immediately preceding five consecutive financial
years; or
(g) if the Tribunal is of the opinion that it is just and equitable that the company
should be wound up.
(2) A company shall be deemed to be unable to pay its debts,—
(a) if a creditor, by assignment or otherwise, to whom the company is indebted
for an amount exceeding one lakh rupees then due, has served on the company, by
causing it to be delivered at its registered office, by registered post or otherwise, a
demand requiring the company to pay the amount so due and the company has failed
to pay the sum within twenty-one days after the receipt of such demand or to provide
adequate security or re-structure or compound the debt to the reasonable satisfaction
of the creditor;
(b) if any execution or other process issued on a decree or order of any court or
tribunal in favour of a creditor of the company is returned unsatisfied in whole or in
part; or
(c) if it is proved to the satisfaction of the Tribunal that the company is unable to
pay its debts, and, in determining whether a company is unable to pay its debts, the
Tribunal shall take into account the contingent and prospective liabilities of the
company.