Steel Authority of India

Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) is a government owned steel producer based in New Delhi, India. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Steel, Government of India with an annual turnover of INR 66,267 Crore (US$9.32 billion) for fiscal year 2018–19. Incorporated on 24 January 1973, SAIL has 64,628 employees (as of 01-Jun-2021). With an annual production of 16.30 million metric tons, SAIL is the 20th largest steel producer in the world and the largest in India. The Hot Metal production capacity of the company will further increase and is expected to reach a level of 50 million tonnes per annum by 2025. Smt Soma Mondal is the current Chairman of SAIL.

SAIL operates and owns five integrated steel plants at Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur, Bokaro and Burnpur (Asansol) and three special steel plants at Salem, Durgapur and Bhadravathi. It also owns a Ferro Alloy plant at Chandrapur. As a part of its global ambition, the company is undergoing a massive expansion and modernisation programme involving upgrading and building new facilities with emphasis on state of the art green technology. According to a recent survey, SAIL is one of India’s fastest growing Public Sector Units. Besides, it has R&D centre for Iron & Steel (RDCIS), centre for Engineering in Ranchi, Jharkhand.

History

1959–1973

SAIL traces its origin to the Hindustan Steel Limited (HSL) which was set up on 19 January 1954. was initially designed to manage only one plant that was coming up at Rourkela.

For Bhilai and Durgapur Steel Plants, the preliminary work was done by the Iron and Steel Ministry. From April 1957, the supervision and control of these two steel plants were also transferred to Hindustan Steel. The registered office was originally in New Delhi. It moved to Calcutta in July 1956, and ultimately to Ranchi in December 1959.

A new steel company, Bokaro Steel Limited (Bokaro Steel Plant), was incorporated on 29 January 1964 to construct and operate the steel plant at Bokaro. The 1 MT phases of Bhilai and Rourkela Steel Plants were completed by the end of December 1961. The 1 MT phase of Durgapur Steel Plant was completed in January 1962 after commissioning of the Wheel and Axle plant. The crude steel production of HSL went up from 1.58 MT (1959–60) to 1.6 MT. The second phase of the Bhilai Steel Plant was completed in September 1967 after commissioning of the Wire Rod Mill. The last unit of the 1.8 MT phase of Rourkela – the Tandem Mill – was commissioned in February 1968, and the 1.6 MT stage of Durgapur Steel Plant was completed in August 1969 after commissioning of the Furnace in SMS. Thus, with the completion of the 2.5 MT stage at Bhilai, 1.8 MT at Rourkela, and 1.6 MT at Durgapur, the total crude steel production capacity of HSL were raised to 3.7 MT in 1968–69 and subsequently to 4 MT in 1972–73. IISCO was taken over as a subsidiary in 1978 and later merged in 2006.

Holding Company

The Ministry of Steel and Mines drafted a policy statement to evolve a new model for managing the industry. The policy statement was presented to the Parliament on 2 December 1972. On this basis, the concept of creating a holding company to manage inputs and outputs under one roof was mooted. This led to the formation of The Steel Authority of India Ltd. The company, incorporated on 24 January 1973 with an authorized capital of ₹2,000 crore (US$280 million), was made responsible for managing five integrated steel plants at Bhilai, Bokaro, Durgapur, Rourkela and Burnpur, the Alloy Steel Plant and the Salem Steel Plant. In 1978 SAIL was restructured as an operating company.

Major Units

SAIL Integrated Steel Plants

1. Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP) in Odisha set up with German collaboration (The first integrated steel plant in the Public Sector in India, 1959)
2. Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) in Chhattisgarh set up with Soviet collaboration (1959)
3. Durgapur Steel Plant (DSP) at Durgapur, West Bengal set up with British collaboration (1965)
4. Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) in Jharkhand (1965) set up with Soviet collaboration (The Plant is hailed as the country’s first Swadeshi steel plant, built with maximum indigenous content in terms of equipment, material and know-how)
5. IISCO Steel Plant (ISP) at Burnpur in Asansol, West Bengal (Plant equipped with Largest Blast Furnace of country, Modernized in 2015 with investment of 16000 crore which will yield total production of 2.9 Million Ton annually )

Special Steel Plants

1. Alloy Steel Plant (ASP), Durgapur, West Bengal supplies to the Indian Ordnance Factories
2. Salem Steel Plant (SSP), Maramangalathupatti, at Salem, Tamil Nadu
3. Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Limited (VISL), at Bhadravathi, Karnataka

Ferro Alloy Plant

1. Chandrapur Ferro Alloy Plant (CFP) in Maharashtra

Refractory Plants – SAIL Refractory Unit (SRU)

1. SAIL Refractory Unit, Bhandaridah in Jharkhand
2. SAIL Refractory Unit, Bhilai in Chhattisgarh
3. SAIL Refractory Unit, IFICO, Ramgarh in Jharkhand
4. SAIL Refractory Unit, Ranchi Road in Jharkhand

Central Units

1. Central Marketing Organisation
2. Centre for Engineering and Technology
3. Research and Development Centre for Iron and Steel
4. SAIL Consultancy Organisation
5. Environment Management Division
6. Management Training Institute, Ranchi

Joint ventures

NTPC SAIL Power Company Limited (NSPCL)

A 50:50 joint venture between Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL) and National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (NTPC Ltd.). It manages the captive power plants at Rourkela, Durgapur and Bhilai with a combined capacity of 314 MW. It has installed additional capacity by implementation of 500 MW (2 x 250 MW Units) power plant at Bhilai. The commercial generation of Unit 1 commenced in April 2009 and the Unit 2 in October 2009.

• NSPCL, Rourkela (2 x 60 MW)
• NSPCL, Durgapur (2 x 60 MW)
• NSPCL, Bhilai (2 x 30 MW + 1 x 14 MW)

During FY2013-14, NSPCL generated 6156.091 MU of electricity with a PLF of 86.33%

Bokaro Power Supply Company Pvt. Ltd. (BPSCL)

Established in 2001, A 50:50 joint venture between Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL) and Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) and is engaged in power and steam generation and supplies power and steam (at various pressures) to SAIL’s Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) located at Bokaro for meeting the process requirement of BSL.

The plant has 9 boilers (5 boilers each of 220 TPH, 3 boilers each of 260 TPH capacity and 1 boiler of 300 TPH) and 7 turbine generators (one 12 MW back Pressure Turbine Generator (TG), 2 TGs each of 55MW capacity, 3 TGs each of 60 MW capacity and one 36 MW back Pressure Turbine Generator. Gg

TPP	BOILER	CAPACITY(T/Hr)	DATE OF COMMISSIONING	MAKE	TYPE
	1	220	17.04.1972	Kransy Kotelsic, Russia	Tπ-156
	2	220	14.07.1972
	3	220	06.04.1974
	4	220	15.07.1980
	5	220	23.06.1980
	TOTAL	1100
CPP	6	260	14.11.1985	Rafaco, Poland	OPG-260
	7	260	30.07.1988
	8	260	19.02.1989
	TOTAL	780
UNIT 9	9	300	02.09.2014	Alstom India	PCSM00 6071
	TOTAL	2180

TPP	TURBINE	CAPACITY(MW)	DATE OF COMMISSIONING	MAKE	TYPE
	1	12 (BPTG)	31.12.1974	Kaluga Russia	P-12-90-37
	2	55	13.07.1972	LMZ Russia	K-50-90-4
	3	55	13.10.1973
	TOTAL	122
CPP	6	60	25.01.1986	Zamech Poland	9K-66
	7	60	16.09.1988
	8