Astronomical instruments include:
- Alidade
- Armillary sphere
- Astrarium
- Astrolabe
- Astronomical clock
- the Antikythera mechanism, an astronomical clock
- Blink comparator
- Bolometer
- the Canterbury Astrolabe Quadrant
- Celatone
- Celestial sphere
- Charge-coupled device
- Computers
- CMOS sensor
- Coronagraph
- Cosmolabe
- Dioptra
- Equatorial ring
- Equatorium
- Gnomon
- Interferometer
- Meridian circle
- Microchannel plate detector
- Mural instrument
- the Nebra sky disk
- Nocturnal
- Octant (instrument)
- Optical spectrometer, a.k.a., Spectrograph
- Orrery
- Photographic plate
- Photometer
- Planisphere
- the Prague astronomical clock
- Quadrant (instrument)
- Reticle
- Radio plate
- Skaphe
- Sextant
- Starshade
- Space telescope
- Spectrometers
- Telescope
- Torquetum
- Triquetrum (astronomy)
- Zenith telescope