Abram Petrovich Gannibal, also Hannibal or Ganibal, or Abram Hannibal or Abram Petrov Russian: Абра́м Петро́вич Ганниба́л; c. 1696 – 14 May 1781, was a Russian military engineer, major-general, and nobleman of African origin. Kidnapped as a child, Gannibal was taken to Russia and presented as a gift to Peter the Great, where he was freed, adopted and raised in the Emperor’s court household as his godson. Gannibal eventually rose to become a
Count Alexey Andreyevich Arakcheyev or Arakcheev Russian: граф Алексе́й Андре́евич Аракче́ев October 4 1769 – May 3 1834 was a Russian general and statesman under the reign of Alexander I. He served under Paul I and Alexander I as army leader and artillery inspector respectively. He had a violent temper, but was otherwise a competent artillerist, and is known for his reforms
Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov 18 May 1868 – 17 July 1918, known in the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer, was the last Emperor of All Russia, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. During his reign, Russia embarked on a series of reforms including the introduction of civil liberties, literacy programs, state
Alexander II Russian: Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, tr. Aleksandr II Nikolayevich, IPA: ; 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881 was the Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until his assassination. Alexander’s most significant reform as emperor was emancipation of Russia’s serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator (Russian: Алекса́ндр Освободи́тель, tr. Aleksandr Osvoboditel, IPA: ). The tsar was responsible for other reforms, including reorganizing
Alexander I Russian: Алекса́ндр Па́влович, tr. Aleksándr Pávlovich, IPA: ; 23 December 1777 – 1 December 1825 was the Emperor of Russia (Tsar) from 1801, the first King of Congress Poland from 1815, and the Grand Duke of Finland from 1809 to his death. He was the eldest son of Emperor Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. Born in Saint Petersburg to Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, later Paul I, Alexander succeeded to the throne after
Catherine II born Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 1729 – 17 November 1796, most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was Empress of All Russia from 1762 until 1796 – the country’s longest-ruling female leader. She came to power following a coup d’état that overthrew her husband and second cousin, Peter III. Under her reign, Russia grew larger, its culture was revitalised, and
Elizabeth Petrovna Russian: Елизаве́та (Елисаве́та) Петро́вна 29 December 1709 – 5 January 1762 , also known as Yelisaveta or Elizaveta, reigned as the Empress of Russia from 1741 until her death in 1762. She remains one of the most popular Russian monarchs because of her decision not to execute a single person during her reign, her numerous construction projects, and her strong opposition to Prussian policies. The
Catherine I Russian: Екатери́на I Алексе́евна Миха́йлова, tr. Yekaterína I Alekséevna Mikháylova; born Polish: Marta Helena Skowrońska, Russian: Ма́рта Самуи́ловна Скавро́нская, tr. Márta Samuílovna Skavrónskaya; 15 April 1684 – 17 May 1727 was the second wife and Empress consort of Peter the Great, and Empress regnant of Russia from 1725 until her death in 1727. Contents 1Life as a servant 2Marriage and family life
eter the Great Russian: Пётр Вели́кий, tr. Pyotr Velikiy, IPA: , Peter I (Russian: Пётр Первый, tr. Pyotr Pyerviy, IPA: ) or Pyotr Alekseevich (Russian: Пётр Алексе́евич, IPA: ; 9 June 1672 – 8 February 1725) ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from 7 May 1682 until his death in 1725, jointly ruling before 1696 with his elder half-brother, Ivan V. Through a number of successful wars, he expanded the Tsardom into a much larger empire that became a major European
Michael I Russian: Михаи́л Фёдорович Рома́нов, Mikhail Fyodorovich Romanov) (22 July 1596 – 23 July 1645 became the first Russian Tsar of the House of Romanov after the zemskiy sobor of 1613 elected him to rule the Tsardom of Russia. He was the son of Feodor Nikitich Romanov (later known as Patriarch Filaret) and of Xenia (later known as “the great nun” Martha). He