The Hindi–Urdu controversy arose in 19th century colonial India out of the debate over whether the Hindi or Urdu language should be chosen as a national language. Hindi and Urdu are mutually intelligible as spoken languages, to the extent that they are sometimes considered to be dialects or registers of a single spoken language referred to as Hindi-Urdu or sometimes Hindustani. But they are written in very different
Hindi literature (Hindi: हिन्दी साहित्य, Hindi Sahitya) includes literature in the various Central Zone Indo-Aryan languages which have writing systems. It is broadly classified into four prominent forms (styles) based on the date of production. They are: Vir-Gatha kal (poems extolling brave warriors) – 11th–14th century Bhakti kal poems (devotional poems) – 14th–18th century Riti or Srngar kal poems (poems of romance)
The Hindi Belt is a linguistic region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern and western India where various Central Indo-Aryan languages subsumed under the term ‘Hindi’ (for example, by the Indian census) are spoken. The Hindi belt is sometimes also used to refer to nine Indian states whose official language is Standard Hindi, namely Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and the union territory of Chandigarh and the National Capital Territory of Delhi. It is also
Hazari Prasad Dwivedi (19 August 1907 – 19 May 1979) was a Hindi novelist, literary historian, essayist, critic and scholar. He penned numerous novels, collections of essays, historical research on medieval religious movements of India especially Kabir and Natha Sampradaya, and historical outlines of Hindi literature. Besides Hindi, he was master of many languages including Sanskrit, Bengali, Punjabi, Gujarati as well as Pali, Prakrit, and Apabhramsa. Steeped in traditional knowledge
Haflong Hindi (Hindi: हफ़लौंग हिन्दी) is the lingua franca of Dima Hasao district of Assam state of India. It is a pidgin that stemmed from Hindi and includes vocabulary from several other languages, such as Assamese, Bengali, Dimasa and Zeme Naga. It is named after Haflong, which is the headquarters of Dima Hasao district. Example Phrases The dialect is largely intelligible to Hindi speakers, and features simplified grammar with loanword infusions. Phrase English glosses Meaning hum
The Gilchrist Educational Trust is a British charity supporting education, perhaps best known for its support of the Gilchrist Lecturers from 1867-1939. The trust was established in 1841 by the will of British Indologist, John Borthwick Gilchrist, but could not begin work until 1865 due to litigation culminating in an 1858 hearing before the House of Lords. Gilchrist’s will directed
A first language, native tongue, native language, or mother/father/parent tongue (also known as arterial language or L1), is a language that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period. In some countries, the term native language or mother tongue refers to the language of one’s ethnic group rather than one’s first language. Sometimes, the term “mother tongue” or “mother language“(or “father tongue” / “father language“) is
Fijian (Na vosa vaka-Viti) is an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Polynesian family spoken by some 350,000–450,000 ethnic Fijians as a native language. The 2013 Constitution established Fijian as an official language of Fiji, along with English and Fiji Hindi, and there is discussion about establishing it as the “national language”. Fijian is a VOS language. Pidgin Fijian Language family Fijian-based pidgin Language codes ISO 639-3 None (mis) Glottolog pidg1237 Standard Fijian is
Fiji Hindi or Fijian Hindi (Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी हिंदी), also known locally as simply Fiji Baat or Hindustani, is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by most Indo-Fijians, though a few speak other languages at home. It is an Eastern Hindi language, considered to be a dialect of Awadhi that has also been subject to considerable influence by Bhojpuri, other Bihari dialects, and Standard Hindi-Urdu. It has also borrowed some words from the English
East India is a region of India consisting of the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal and also the union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The region roughly corresponds to the historical region of Magadha from which it inherits its various Eastern Indo-Aryan languages. The states of Bihar and West Bengal lie on the Indo-Gangetic plain. Jharkhand is situated on the Chota Nagpur Plateau. Odisha lies on the Eastern Ghats and the Deccan Plateau. West Bengal’s capital Kolkata is