Jeremy Black MBE (born 30 October 1955) is a British historian, writer, and retired professor of history at the University of Exeter. He is a senior fellow at the Center for the Study of America and the West at the Foreign Policy Research Institute in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Black is the author of over 140 books, principally but not exclusively on 18th-century British politics
The Jat Regiment is part of the infantry of the Indian Army, of which it is one of the longest-serving and most-decorated regiments. The regiment has won 19 battle honours between 1839 and 1947, and post-independence it has won five battle honours, eight Mahavir Chakra, eight Kirti Chakra, 32 Shaurya Chakras, 39 Vir Chakras and 170 Sena Medals. During its 200-year service history, the regiment has participated in various actions and
Jalandhar (erstwhile Jullundur) is a city in the Indian state of Punjab. Jalandhar lies alongside the Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected rail and road junction. Jalandhar is 146 km northwest of Chandigarh, the state capital of Punjab and Haryana and 82.5 km (51.2 mi) South-East of Amritsar. Jullundur was the common English spelling during Company rule in India and the British Raj. Contents 1History 2Climate 3Demographics 3.1Population 3.2Literacy 3.3Religion 4Economy 5Transport 5.1By air 5.2By rail 5.3By
The IV Corps is a corps of Pakistan Army. Having established in 1965 after the Indo-Pakistani September War, it is currently stationed in Lahore, Punjab Province of Pakistan. The current corps commander is Lieutenant General Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Contents 1History 21965 War 31971 War 4Structure 5List of corps commanders 6Picture Gallery 7References History The corps was formed in 1965
The Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) is the media and public relations wing of the Pakistan Armed Forces. It coordinates and broadcasts military news and information to the country’s civilian media and civil society. The ISPR tracks both domestic and international media and protects the Pakistan Armed Forces from receiving negative coverage within the country. The ISPR directorate serves the purpose of strengthening the military’s relations with
The Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) is the premier intelligence agency of Pakistan, operationally responsible for gathering, processing, and analyzing information relevant for national security from around the world. As one of the principal members of the Pakistani intelligence community, the ISI reports to its Director-General and is primarily focused on providing intelligence for the government of Pakistan. The ISI primarily consists of serving military officers drawn on secondment from the
An intelligence agency is a government agency responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, and foreign policy objectives. Means of information gathering are both overt and covert and may include espionage, communication interception, cryptanalysis, cooperation with other institutions, and evaluation of public sources. The assembly and propagation of this information is known as intelligence analysis or intelligence assessment. Intelligence agencies can
The Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) is an American non-profit corporation that administers three federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) – the Systems and Analyses Center (SAC), the Science and Technology Policy Institute (STPI), and the Center for Communications and Computing (C&C) – to assist the United States government in addressing national security issues, particularly those requiring scientific and technical expertise. It is headquartered in Alexandria,
INS Vikrant (from Sanskrit vikrānta, “courageous”) was a Majestic-class aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy. The ship was laid down as HMS Hercules for the British Royal Navy during World War II, but construction was put on hold when the war ended. India purchased the incomplete carrier in 1957, and construction was completed in 1961. Vikrant was commissioned as the first aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy and played a key role in enforcing the naval blockade of East
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 saw the Indian and Pakistani Air Forces engaged in large-scale aerial combat against each other for the first time since the Partition of India in 1947. The war took place during the course of September 1965 and saw both air forces conduct defensive and offensive operations over Indian and Pakistani airspace. The aerial war saw both