Article 33. The sittings of the two Houses shall be public. A verbatim report of the debates shall be published in the Journal Officiel. Each House may sit in camera at the request of the Prime Minister or of one tenth of its members. Complete: constitution-of-france/
Article 32. The President of the National Assembly shall be elected for the life of a Parliament. The President of the Senate shall be elected each time elections are held for partial renewal of the Senate. Complete: constitution-of-france/
Article 31. Members of the Government shall have access to both Houses. They shall address either House whenever they so request. They may be assisted by commissaires du Gouvernement. Complete: constitution-of-france/
Article 30. Except where Parliament sits as of right, extraordinary sessions shall be opened and closed by a Decree of the President of the Republic. Complete: constitution-of-france/
Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) Introduction Thomas Jefferson served as the first Secretary of State from March 22, 1790, to December 31, 1793. Jefferson brought remarkable talents to a long career guiding U.S. foreign affairs. He successfully balanced the country’s relatively weak geopolitical position and his fear of expansive federal powers with his desire for U.S. territorial
Article 29. Parliament shall meet in extraordinary session, at the request of the Prime Minister or of the majority of the Members of the National Assembly, to debate a specific agenda. Where an extraordinary session is held at the request of Members of the National Assembly, this session shall be closed by decree once all
Article 28. Parliament shall sit as of right in one ordinary session which shall start on the first working day of October and shall end on the last working day of June. The number of days for which each House may sit during the ordinary session shall not exceed one hundred and twenty. The number
Article 27. No Member shall be elected with any binding mandate. Members’ right to vote shall be exercised in person. An Institutional Act may, in exceptional cases, authorize voting by proxy. In that event, no Member shall be given more than one proxy. Complete: constitution-of-france/
Article 26. No Member of Parliament shall be prosecuted, investigated, arrested, detained or tried in respect of opinions expressed or votes cast in the performance of his official duties. No Member of Parliament shall be arrested for a serious crime or other major offence, nor shall he be subjected to any other custodial or semi-custodial
Article 25. An Institutional Act shall determine the term for which each House is elected, the number of its members, their allowances, the conditions of eligibility and the terms of disqualification and of incompatibility with membership. It shall likewise determine the manner of election of those persons called upon to replace Members of the National