India is a country in Southern Asia. With over 1.5 billion people, India is the second most populous country in the world after China. It is a federal constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories. All states, as well as the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi, have elected legislatures and governments, both patterned on the Westminster model. The remaining five union territories are directly ruled by the central government through appointed administrators. In 1956, under the States Reorganisation Act, states were reorganised on a linguistic basis. Since then, their structure has remained largely unchanged. Each state or union territory is further divided into administrative districts.
The legislatures of five states Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra and Uttarakhand and of union territory Jammu and Kashmir meet in different capitals for their summer and winter sessions. Ladakh has both Leh and Kargil as its administrative capitals.
The state and union territory capitals are sorted according to administrative, legislative and judicial capitals. The administrative capital is where the executive government offices are located.
List
| No. | State | Administrative / Executivecapital | Legislative capital | Judicial capital | Year of establishment | Former capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | Visakhapatnam | Amaravati | Kurnool | 1956 | Hyderabad(1956–2017)Amaravati (2017-2020) |
| 2 | Arunachal Pradesh | Itanagar | Itanagar | Guwahati | 1987 | — |
| 3 | Assam | Dispur | Dispur | Guwahati | 1972 | Shillong (1950–1972) |
| 4 | Bihar | Patna | Patna | Patna | 1950 | — |
| 5 | Chhattisgarh | Naya Raipur | Raipur | Bilaspur | 2000 | — |
| 6 | Goa | Panaji | Porvorim | Mumbai | 1987 | — |
| 7 | Gujarat | Gandhinagar | Gandhinagar | Ahmedabad | 1960 | Ahmedabad (1960–1970) |
| 8 | Haryana | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | 1966 | — |
| 9 | Himachal Pradesh | Shimla | Shimla (Summer) Dharamsala (Winter) |
Shimla | 1971 2017 |
— |
| 10 | Jharkhand | Ranchi | Ranchi | Ranchi | 2000 | — |
| 11 | Karnataka | Bengaluru | Bengaluru | Bengaluru | 1956 | — |
| 12 | Kerala | Thiruvananthapuram | Thiruvananthapuram | Kochi | 1956 | — |
| 13 | Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal | Bhopal | Jabalpur | 1956 | — |
| 14 | Maharashtra | Mumbai | Mumbai (Summer)Nagpur (Winter) | Mumbai | 1960 | — |
| 15 | Manipur | Imphal | Imphal | Imphal | 1972 | — |
| 16 | Meghalaya | Shillong | Shillong | Shillong | 1972 | — |
| 17 | Mizoram | Aizawl | Aizawl | Guwahati | 1987 | — |
| 18 | Nagaland | Kohima | Kohima | Guwahati | 1963 | — |
| 19 | Odisha | Bhubaneswar | Bhubaneswar | Cuttack | 1950 | |
| 20 | Punjab | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | 1966 | — |
| 21 | Rajasthan | Jaipur | Jaipur | Jodhpur | 1950 | — |
| 22 | Sikkim | Gangtok | Gangtok | Gangtok | 1975 | — |
| 23 | Tamil Nadu | Chennai | Chennai | Chennai | 1956 | — |
| 24 | Telangana | Hyderabad | Hyderabad | Hyderabad | 2014 | — |
| 25 | Tripura | Agartala | Agartala | Agartala | 1972 | — |
| 26 | Uttar Pradesh | Lucknow | Lucknow | Prayagraj | 1950 | — |
| 27 | Uttarakhand | Gairsain (Summer)Dehradun (Winter) | Gairsain (Summer) Dehradun (Winter) |
Nainital | 2000 | — |
| 28 | West Bengal | Kolkata | Kolkata | Kolkata | 1950 | — |
| No. | Union Territory | Administrative / ExecutiveCapital | LegislativeCapital | Judicial Capital | Year of establishment | Former Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Port Blair | – | Kolkata | 1956 | – |
| 2 | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | – | Chandigarh | 1966 | – |
| 3 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | Daman | – | Mumbai | 2020 | – |
| 4 | Delhi | New Delhi | New Delhi | New Delhi | 1956 | – |
| 5 | Jammu and Kashmir | Srinagar (Summer)Jammu (Winter) | Srinagar (Summer)Jammu (Winter) | Srinagar (Summer)Jammu (Winter) | 2019 | – |
| 6 | Ladakh | Leh (Summer)Kargil (Winter) | – | Srinagar (Summer)Jammu (Winter) | 2019 | – |
| 7 | Lakshadweep | Kavaratti | – | Kochi | 1956 | – |
| 8 | Puducherry | Pondicherry | Pondicherry | Chennai | 1954 | – |