List of Hindu empires and dynasties

Hindu empires rose to power following the birth of Hinduism in the Indian subcontinent. The Maurya Empire founded by Chandragupta, during the reign of Ashoka, was one of the largest empires in Asia, diplomatically engaging with Greece, Macedonia, Epirus, Cyrene and Egypt. The period of the Gupta Empire under Samudragupta is sometimes attributed to as the First Golden Age of India. The historical and geographic extent of Indian civilization is referred to as Greater India.

The following list enumerates Hindu empires and dynasties in chronological order.


Empire	Established	Disestablished	Capital(s)	Language(s)	Today part of
Gandhara Kingdom	1500 BCE	535 BCE	Puṣkalavati, Taxila, Purushapura	Sanskrit	Afghanistan Pakistan
Gopal Bansa	1400 BCE	841 BCE	Pashupatinath Temple, Gaushala, Kathmandu	Sanskrit	Nepal
Pundravardhana Kingdom	1280 BCE	300 BCE	Mahasthangarh	Pali, Sanskrit	Bangladesh India
Kuru Kingdom	1200 BCE	525 BCE	Āsandīvat, Hastinapura, Indraprastha	Sanskrit	India
Anga Kingdom	1100 BCE	500 BCE	Champa	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Bangladesh
Panchala Kingdom	900 BCE	400 BCE	Ahichatra, Kampila	Sanskrit	India Nepal
Mahispal Bansa	841 BCE	700 BCE	Kathmandu	Sanskrit	Nepal India
Kirat Kingdom	700 BCE	300 AD	Yalung, Thankot, Eastern Nepal	Kiranti languages, Sanskrit, Pali Prakrit	Nepal India Bhutan Tibet China Pakistan Bangladesh
Kingdom of Kosala	700 BCE	500 BCE	Shravasti, Ayodhya	Sanskrit	India Nepal
Vrijji Kingdom	700 BCE	400 BCE	Vaishali	Maithili, Sanskrit	India Nepal
Malla Republic	700 BCE	300 BCE	Kusavati, Kushinagar	Sanskrit	India Nepal
Matsya Kingdom	700 BCE	300 BCE	Viratanagari	Sanskrit	India
Surasena Kingdom	700 BCE	300 BCE	Mathura	Sanskrit	India
Avanti Kingdom	700 BCE	300 BCE	Ujjayini	Sanskrit	India
Asmaka Kingdom	700 BCE	300 BCE	Potali	Sanskrit	India
Kingdom of Vatsa	700 BCE	300 BCE	Kauśāmbī	Sanskrit	India
Shakya	700 BCE	200 BCE	Kapilavastu Tilaurakot	Sanskrit, Pali	Nepal India
Magadha Kingdom	600 BCE	300 BCE	Rajagriha	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Bangladesh Nepal
Kingdom of Kashi	600 BCE	345 BCE	Banaras	Sanskrit	India
Chedi Kingdom	600 BCE	300 BCE	Suktimati	Sanskrit	India
Haryanka Dynasty	550 BCE	413 BCE	Rajagriha, Pataliputra	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Nepal
Kingdom of Tambapanni	543 BCE	505 BCE	Tambapanni	Sinhalese	Sri Lanka
Kingdom of Upatissa Nuwara	505 BCE	377 BCE	Upatissa Nuwara	Sinhalese	Sri Lanka
Ror Dynasty	450 BCE	489	Rori	Sanskrit	Pakistan
Shishunaga Empire	413 BCE	345 BCE	Rajgir, Vaishali, Pataliputra	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Nepal
Anuradhapura Kingdom	377 BCE	1017	Anuradhapura	Sinhalese, Tamil	Sri Lanka
Malava Empire	350 BCE	650	Vidisha	Sanskrit	India
Nanda Empire	345 BCE	322 BCE	Pataliputra	Magadhi Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Bangladesh Nepal Pakistan
Paurava Dynasty	400 BCE	301 BCE	Punjab	Sanskrit	Indiav Pakistan
Chera Dynasty	300 BCE	1102	Karur, Kodungallur, Kollam	Malayalam, Tamil	India
Pandyan Empire	300 BCE	1345	Korkai, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Vizhinjam	Tamil	India Sri Lanka
Gangaridai Kingdom	300 BCE	Unknown	–	–	Bangladesh Bhutan India
Shunga Empire	185 BCE	75 BCE	Pataliputra, Vidisha	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Bangladesh Nepal Bhutan
Kingdom of Samatata	180 BCE	335	–	–	Bangladesh India
Deva Dynasty of Saketa	150 BCE	10 BCE	Ayodhya	Sanskrit	India
Satavahana Empire	100 BCE	225	Pratishthana, Amaravati	Prakrit, Tamil, Telugu	India
Kanva Dynasty	75 BCE	30 BCE	Pataliputra or Vidisha	Sanskrit	India
Northern Satrap Dynasty	60 BCE	150	Sagala, Mathura	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Pakistan
Chutu Dynasty	30 BCE	280	Banavasi	Prakrit	India
Apracharaja Dynasty	15 BCE	50	Bajaur	Prakrit, Scythian language	Afghanistan Pakistan
Suren Kingdom	19	225	Taxila, Kabul	Greek, Pali, Parthian, Sanskrit	Afghanistan Pakistanv India
Kshaharata Empire	35	405	Ujjain, Barygaza	Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Pakistan
Funan Empire	50	550	Vyadhapura	Khmer, Sanskrit	Laos Cambodia Thailand Vietnam Myanmar
Nagvanshi Dynasty	83 CE	1952 CE	Khukhragarh, Navratangarh	Prakrit, Nagpuri	India
Parataraja Kingdom	125	300	Balochistan	Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit, Scythian	Pakistan Afghanistan
Salakanagara Kingdom	130	362	–	Sanskrit	Indonesia
Langkasuka Kingdom	150	1475	–	Malay	Malaysia Thailand
Kingdom of Gangga Negara	150	1025	Beruas	Malay	Malaysia
Kingdom of Champa	192	1832	Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga	Chamic languages, Sanskrit	Vietnam Laos Cambodia
Andhra Ikshvaku Dynasty	200	275	–	Prakrit, Sanskrit, Tamil	India
Bharashiva Dynasty	205	335	Padmavati	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India
Soma Dynasty	205 AD	305 AD	Kathmandu	Sanskrit	Nepal
Kalabhra Empire	250	600	Kaveripumpattinam, Madurai	Prakrit, Tamil	India
Gupta Empire	275	590	Pataliputra	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Bangladesh Pakistan Nepal
Paurava Dynasty (reinstated)	c. 4th Century AD	c. 7th Century AD?	Brahmapur	Sanskrit	India
Pallava Empire	275	897	Kanchipuram	Tamil, Prakrit, Sanskrit	India
Licchavi	305 AD	1200 AD	Kathmandu	Vajjika, Sanskrit, Maithili language	Nepal India Bhutan
Kataha	330	1136	Kataha	Old Malay, Sanskrit	Malaysia
Kadamba Empire	345	525	Banavasi	Kannada, Sanskrit	India
Aulikara Dynasty	350	550	Mandsaur	Sanskrit	India
Western Ganga Dynasty	350	575	Talakadu, kolar	Kannada, Sanskrit	India
Kamarupa Kingdom	350	1140	Pragjyotishpura, Haruppeswara, Durjaya	Assamese, Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Bhutan Bangladesh Myanmar
Tarumanagara Kingdom	358	669	Sundapura	Sundanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Vishnukundina Dynasty	420	624	Nalgonda, Eluru, Amaravati	Sanskrit, Telugu	India
Sharabhapuriya Dynasty	465	590	Sharabhapura	Sanskrit	India
Maitraka Dynasty	475	776	Vallabhi	Apabhramsa, Prakrit, Sanskrit, Sauraseni	India
Pushyabhuti Dynasty	500	647	Sthanvishvara, Kanyakubja	–	India Bangladesh Nepal Bhutan Pakistan
Nala Kingdom	515	585	Pushkari	Sanskrit	India
Rai Dynasty	524	632	Aror	Sanskrit	Pakistan
Chalukya Dynasty	543	753	Badami	Kannada, Sanskrit	India
Kalachuri Dynasty	550	620	Mahishmati	Sanskrit	India
Chenla Empire	550	802	Shrestapura, Bhavapura, Isanapura, Shambhupura	Khmer, Sanskrit	Cambodia Thailand Laos Vietnam
Chahamana Dynasty	550	1194	Shakambhari	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India
Maukhari Dynasty	550	800	Kannauj	Sanskrit	India
Kalingga Kingdom	550	650	–	Old Javanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Gauda Kingdom	590	626	Karnasuvarna	–	India Bangladesh
Panduvamshi Dynasty	600	790	Shripura	Sanskrit	India
Eastern Chalukya Empire	624	1189	Vengi, Rajahmundry	Sanskrit, Telugu	India
Karkota Empire	625	885	Srinagar, Parihaspore, Srinagar	Sanskrit	India Pakistan Afghanistan Bangladesh
Brahman Dynasty of Sindh	632	724	–	Sanskrit	Pakistan Iran
Srivijaya Empire	650	1377	Palembang, Kewu, Chaiya, Jambi	Old Malay, Sanskrit	Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Thailand Cambodia Philippines Vietnam Brunei
Shailendra Dynasty	650	1025	Batang, Kalingga	Old Javanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Galuh Kingdom	669	1482	Kawali	Sundanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Sunda Kingdom	669	1579	Kawali, Pakuan Pajajaran	Sundanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Kalachuri Tripuri Dynasty	675	1212	Tripuri	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India
Chavda Dynasty	690	942	Panchasar, Aṇahilaváḍa	Old Gujarati, Prakrit	India
Mallabhum Kingdom	694	1800	Bengali, Sanskrit	Laugram, Pradyumnapur, Bishnupur	India Bangladesh
Limbuwan	7th Century CE	1774	Morang, Bijaypur	Limbu, Lepcha	Nepal India Bhutan
Gurjara-Pratihara Dynasty	730	1036	Kannauj	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India Nepal Afghanistan Pakistan
Mataram Kingdom	732	1006	Mdaη i Bhumi Mataram, Mamrati, Poh Pitu, Mdaη i Tamwlang, Mdaη i Watugaluh, Mdaη i Wwatan	Old Javanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Saindhava Dynasty	735	920	Bhutamabilika	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India
Tomara Dynasty	736	1151	Delhi	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India
Pala Empire	750	1199	Bikrampur, Pataliputra, Gauda, Monghyr, Somapura, Mahipal, Ramavati	Prakrit, Sanskrit	Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan
Haripunjaya Kingdom	750	1292	Lamphun	Thai	Thailand
Rashtrakuta Empire	753	982	Manyakheta	Kannada, Sanskrit	India
Khmer Empire	802	1431	Mahendraparvata, Hariharalaya, Koh Ker, Yasodharapura	Khmer, Sanskrit	Cambodia Laos Myanmar Thailand Vietnam
Chudasama Dynasty	825	1472	Vamanasthali, Junagadh	Old Gujarati, Prakrit	India
Later Chola Empire	848	1279	Pazhaiyaarai, Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram	Tamil	India Sri Lanka Maldives Indonesia Singapore Malaysia
Somavamshi Dynasty	850	1150	Yayatinagara	Sanskrit	India
Yadava Dynasty	850	1334	Devagiri	Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit	India
Utpala Dynasty	855	1003	Avantipur	Sanskrit	India Afghanistan Pakistan
Hindu Shahi Dynasty	879	1026	Kabul	Sanskrit	Pakistan Afghanistan India
Paramara Dynasty	900	1305	Dhar	Prakrit, Sanskrit	India
Bali Kingdom	914	1908	Bedulu, Samprangan, Gelgel, Klungkung	Kawi, Balinese	Indonesia
Pagan Empire	940	1297	Pagan	Burmese, Mon, Pyu	Myanmar
Khasa Kingdom	954	1450	Sinja Valley	Khas, Sanskrit	Nepal
Western Chalukya Empire	973	1189	Manyakheta, Basavakalyan	Kannada, Sanskrit	India
Rajahnate of Butuan	1001	1756	Butuan	Butuanon, Old Malay	Philippines
Lohara Dynasty	1003	1320	Srinagar	Sanskrit	India Afghanistan Pakistan
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa	1017	1310	Polonnaruwa	Pali, Sanskrit	India
Kahuripan Kingdom	1019	1045	Kahuripan	Old Javanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Hoysala Empire	1026	1343	Halebidu, Belur	Kannada, Sanskrit	India
Janggala Kingdom	1045	1136	Hujung, Galuh	Old Javanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Kediri Kingdom	1045	1221	Kadiri	Old Javanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Sena Dynasty	1070	1230	Nabadwip	Sanskrit	Bangladesh India
Eastern Ganga Empire	1078	1434	Dantapura, Kalinganagara, Kataka	Sanskrit	India
Gahadavala Dynasty	1080	1194	Varanasi, Kanyakubja	Sanskrit	India
Karnat Dynasty	1097	1324	Simraungadh	Maithili Language	Nepal India
Chero dynasty	12th CE	18th CE		Bhojpuri, Nagpuri	India
Sambhuvaraya Dynasty	1150	1375	Rajagambhiram, Padaveedu	Sanskrit, Tamil	India
Vanni Nadu Dynasty	1150	1803	Vanni	Tamil	Sri Lanka
Deva Dynasty	1156	1250	Bikrampur	Bengali, Sanskrit	Bangladesh India
Kakatiya Dynasty	1163	1323	Orugallu	Sanskrit, Telugu	India
Khen Dynasty	1185	1498	Kamarupanagara, Kamatapura	Assamese, Kamtapuri	India Myanmar
Sutiya Kingdom	1187	1673	Swarnagiri, Ratnapur, Sadiya	Assamese	India
Malla Dynasty	1200	1768	Bhaktapur, Kathmandu, Patan, Nepal	Newari, Nepali, Sanskrit, Maithili Language	Nepal India Tibet China
Jaffna Kingdom	1215	1624	Nallur	Tamil	Sri Lanka
Singhasari Kingdom	1222	1292	Tumapel	Old Javanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia
Ahom Kingdom	1228	1826	Charaideo, Garhgaon, Rangpur, Jorhat	Assamese, Tai-Ahom	India Myanmar
Sambhuvaraya Dynasty	1236	1375	Rajagambhiram, Padaveedu	Tamil	India
Yajvapala Dynasty	1237	1289	Nalapura	–	India
Vaghela Dynasty	1244	1304	Dholka	Apabhramsa, Old Gujarati, Prakrit	India
Rajahnate of Cebu	1250	1565	Singhapala	Cebuano, Malay, Tamil	Philippines
Majapahit Empire	1293	1527	Majapahit, Wilwatikta	Old Javanese, Sanskrit	Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Brunei Thailand Timor Leste Philippines
Sena Dynasty (Nepal)	13th Century CE	18th Century CE	Makwanpurgadhi, Chaudandi, Palpa	Nepali, Maithili Language, Khas, Bengali, Sanskrit	Nepal India
Reddy Dynasty	1325	1448	Addanki, Kondavidu, Rajahmundry	Telugu	India
Musunuri Nayakas	1150	1369	Warangal	Telugu	India
Vijayanagara Empire	1336	1646	Vijayanagara, Penukonda, Chandragiri	Kannada, Sanskrit, Telugu	India
Oiniwar Dynasty	1353	1526	Madhubani	Maithili language	India
Kallala dynasty	1404	1789	Sinja Valley	Khas language, Nepali, Sanskrit	Nepal India
Gajapati Kingdom	1434	1541	Cuttack	Odia	India
Koch Dynasty	1515	1949	Chikana, Kamatapur	Kamtapuri, Assamese, Bengali, Sanskrit	India
Madurai Nayak Dynasty	1529	1736	Madurai, Tiruchirapalli	Tamil, Telugu	India
Thanjavur Nayak Kingdom	1532	1673	Thanjavur	Tamil, Telugu	India
Gorkha Kingdom	1559	1768	Gorkha Darbar	Nepali	Nepal
Raj Darbhanga	1577	1947	Darbhanga	Maithili	India
Maratha Empire	1674	1818	Raigad, Gingee, Satara, Pune	Marathi, Sanskrit	India Pakistan
Pudukkottai Kingdom	1680	1800	Pudukkottai	Tamil	India
Sivaganga Kingdom	1725	1733	Sivaganga	Tamil	India
Kingdom of Nepal	1768	2008	Kathmandu	Nepali, Sanskrit	Nepal India Tibet China Bangladesh
Dogra Dynasty	1846	1952	Srinagar	Kashmiri	India Pakistan Tibet China

Note: Kingdoms that acted as princely states to the British Empire are not mentioned except for the time period when they exercised sovereign control.

See also