Year 1922

1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1922nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 922nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 22nd year of the 20th century, and the 3rd year of the 1920s decade. As of the start of 1922, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

January

• January – The year begins with the British Empire at its largest extent, covering a quarter of the world and ruling over one in four people on Earth.
• January 2 – The Chilean Communist Party is founded.
• January 7 – Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Irish Republic, ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64–57 votes.
• January 8 – The Social Democratic Youth League of Norway is founded.
• January 10 – Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éireann, the day after Éamon de Valera resigns.
• January 11 – The first successful insulin treatment of diabetes is made, by Frederick Banting in Toronto.
• January 12 – The British government releases the remaining Irish prisoners captured in the War of Independence.
• January 13 – The flu epidemic has claimed 804 victims in Britain.
• January 15 – Michael Collins becomes Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State.
• January 24 – Christian K. Nelson patents the Eskimo Pie ice cream bar in the United States.
• January 26 – Italian forces occupy Misrata, Libya; the reconquest of Libya begins.
• January 28 – Knickerbocker Storm: Snowfall from the biggest-ever recorded snowstorm in Washington, D.C., causes the roof of the Knickerbocker Theatre to collapse, killing 98.

February

• February 2 – The novel Ulysses by James Joyce is published in Paris on his 40th birthday by Sylvia Beach.
• February 5 – DeWitt and Lila Wallace publish the first issue of Reader’s Digest in the United States.
• February 6
  • Pope Pius XI (Achille Ratti) succeeds Pope Benedict XV, to become the 259th pope.
  • The Five Power Naval Disarmament Treaty is signed between the United States, United Kingdom, Japan, France and Italy. Japan returns some of its control over the Shandong Peninsula to China.
• February 8
  • President of the United States Warren G. Harding introduces the first radio in the White House.
  • In the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Cheka becomes the Gosudarstvennoye Politicheskoye Upravlenie(GPU), a section of the NKVD.
• February 14
  • Finnish Minister of the Interior Heikki Ritavuori is assassinated by Ernst Tandefelt.
  • Baragoola, the last of the Binngarra class Manly ferries, is launched at Balmain, New South Wales.
• February 15 – The inaugural session of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) is held in The Hague.
• February 26 – Leser v. Garnett: The Supreme Court of the United States rebuffs a challenge to the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave women the right to vote.
• February 28 – The Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence by the United Kingdom ends its protectorate over Egypt, and grants the country nominal independence, reserving control of military and diplomatic matters.

March

• March 2
  • An ice mass breaks the Oder Dam in Breslau.
  • The British Civil Aviation Authority is established.
• March 4 – The movie Nosferatu is released in Germany.
• March 10 – Mohandas Gandhi is arrested in Bombay for sedition.
• March 13 – Edward, Prince of Wales, inaugurates the Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College in Dehradun, India, marking a capitulation of the Governor General and Secretary of State for India to growing pressure for Indianization of the officer cadre of the Indian Army.
• March 15 – Egypt having gained self-government from the United Kingdom, Fuad I becomes King of Egypt.
• March 16 – The Rand Rebellion, which began as a strike by white South African mine workers on 28 December 1921 and became open rebellion against the state, is suppressed.
• March 18 – In British India, Mahatma Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for sedition (he serves only two).
• March 20 – The USS Langley is commissioned as the first United States Navy aircraft carrier.
• March 22 – Radio station WLW in Cincinnati begins broadcasting.
• March 23 – Queensland, Australia abolishes the Legislative Council (Upper House).
• March 26 – The German Social Democratic Party is founded in Poland.
• March 31 – The Hinterkaifeck Murders occur in Germany, on a late evening.

April

• April 1 – South African Railways takes control of all railway operations in South West Africa.
• April 3 – Joseph Stalin is appointed General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party.
• April 7
  • Teapot Dome scandal: The United States Secretary of the Interior leases Teapot Dome oil reserves in Wyoming.
  • 1922 Picardie mid-air collision: The first midair collision occurs, between a Daimler Airway de Havilland DH.18 and a Grands Express Aériens Farman Goliath over Poix-de-Picardie, Amiens, France.
• April 10 – Genoa Conference: The representatives of 34 countries convene to speak in Genoa, Italy about monetary economics, in the wake of World War I.
• April 12 – The United Kingdom’s Prince of Wales arrives in Yokohama aboard HMS Renown and rides by train to Tokyo, starting a one-month visit to Japan.
• April 13 – The State of Massachusetts opens all public offices to women.
• April 16 – The Treaty of Rapallo marks a rapprochement between the Weimar Republic and Bolshevik Russia.
• April 22 – The Lambda Chapter of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated (the first chapter of a black sorority in New York State) is chartered.
• April 24 – The first portion of the Imperial Wireless Chain, a strategic international wireless telegraphy network created to link the British Empire, is opened, from England to Egypt.

May

• May 3 – Viktor Kingissepp, leader of the underground Estonian Communist Party, is executed in Estonia.
• May 5 – In The Bronx, construction begins on Yankee Stadium.
• May 8 – In Moscow, eight priests, two laymen and one woman are sentenced to death for opposition to the Soviet government’s confiscation of church property.
• May 11 – Radio station KGU begins broadcasting in Hawaii.
• May 18 – Sergei Diaghilev, Igor Stravinsky, Pablo Picasso, Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Erik Satie and Clive Bell dine together in Paris, at the Majestic hotel, their only joint meeting.
• May 19 – The All-Russian Young Pioneer Organisation is established.
• May 29 – British Liberal MP Horatio Bottomley is jailed for seven years for fraud.
• May 30 – In Washington, D.C., the Lincoln Memorial is dedicated.

June

• June 1
  • The Royal Ulster Constabulary is officially founded.
  • Bolshevik forces defeat Basmachi troops, under Enver Pasha.
• June 9 – Åland’s Regional Assembly convenes for its first plenary session in Mariehamn, Åland; the day will be celebrated as Self-Government Day of Åland.
• June 11 – Robert J. Flaherty’s Nanook of the North, the first commercially successful feature-length documentary film, premières in the U.S.
• June 14 – President of the United States Warren G. Harding makes his first speech on the radio.
• June 22 – Irish Republican Army agents assassinate British Army field marshal Sir Henry Wilson in London; the assassins are sentenced to death on July 18.
• June 24 – Weimar Republic foreign minister Walther Rathenau is assassinated; the murderers are captured on July 17.
• June 26 – Louis Honoré Charles Antoine Grimaldi becomes Reigning Prince Louis II of Monaco.
• June 28
  • The Irish Civil War and Battle of Dublin begin when the Irish National Army, using artillery loaned by the British, begins to bombard the anti-Treaty Irish Republican Army forces occupying the Four Courts in Dublin. Fighting in Dublin lasts until July 5.
  • The Syrian Federation is constituted.

July

• July 11 – The Hollywood Bowl open-air music venue opens.
• July 17 – The final signings of Treaty 11, an agreement between George V, King of Canada, and various Canadian First Nations, are conducted at Fort Liard.
• July 20 – The German protectorate of Togoland is divided into the League of Nations mandates of French Togoland and British Togoland.
• July 27 – The Cherkess (Adyghe) Autonomous Oblast is established within the Russian SFSR.
• July – Hyperinflation in Germany means that 563 marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar – almost double the 263 needed eight months before, dwarfing the mere 12 needed in April 1919, and even the 47 needed in December of that year.

August

• August 2 – The 1922 Swatow typhoon hits Shantou, China, killing more than 5,000 people.
• August 22 – Irish Civil War: General Michael Collins is assassinated in West Cork.
• August 23
  • Morocco revolts against the Spanish.
  • A Turkish large-scale attack opens against Greek forces in Afyon; Turkish victory is achieved on August 27.
• August 28 – Japan agrees to withdraw its troops from Siberia.
• August
  • Hyperinflation in Germany sees the value of the Papiermark against the dollar rise to 1,000.
  • The last hunted California grizzly bear is shot.

September

• September 3 – The Autodromo Nazionale di Monza, the world’s third purpose-built motorsport race track, is officially opened at Monza in the Lombardy Region of Italy.
• September 9 – Turkish forces pursuing withdrawing Greek troops enter İzmir, effectively ending the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922).
• September 11
  • The Sun News-Pictorial, a predecessor of the Melbourne, Australia, Herald Sun, is founded.
  • The Mandate of Palestine is approved by the Council of the League of Nations.
• September 13 – The Gdynia Seaport Construction Act is passed by the Polish Parliament.
• September 13–15 – The Great Fire of Smyrna destroys most of İzmir. Responsibility is disputed.
• September 17 – Dutch cyclist Piet Moeskops becomes world champion sprinter.
• September 18 – The Kingdom of Hungary joins the League of Nations.
• September 24 (O. S. September 11) – 11 September 1922 Revolution in Greece.
• September 29 – Drums in the Night (Trommeln in der Nacht) becomes the first play by Bertolt Brecht to be staged, at the Munich Kammerspiele.

October

• October 1 – G. I. Gurdjieff opens his Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man at Fontainebleau, France.
• October 3 – Rebecca L. Felton becomes the first female U.S. senator, when Georgia’s governor gives her a temporary appointment, pending an election to replace Senator Thomas Watson, who has died suddenly.
• October 15 – T. S. Eliot establishes The Criterion magazine, containing the first publication of his poem The Waste Land. This first appears in the United States later this month in The Dial (dated November 1), and is first published complete with notes in book form, by Boni and Liveright in New York in December.
• October 18 – The British Broadcasting Company is formed.
• October 25 – The Third Dáil enacts the Constitution of the Irish Free State.
• October 26 – Hogarth Press publishes Virginia Woolf’s novel Jacob’s Room.
• October 27 – Southern Rhodesians reject union with South Africa in a referendum.
• October 28
  • In Italy, the March on Rome brings the National Fascist Party and Benito Mussolini to power. Italy begins a period of dictatorship that lasts until the end of the Second World War, but at the same time becomes the predominant power in the Mediterranean.
  • The Red Army occupies Vladivostok.
  • Rose Bowl sports stadium officially opens in Pasadena, California.
• October 31 – Benito Mussolini, 39, becomes the youngest ever Prime Minister of Italy.
• October
  • 3,000 German marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar – triple the figure three months ago due to hyperinflation.
  • The Russian Civil War ends, with the colonies remaining part of Russia.

November

• November 1
  • The Ottoman Empire is abolished after 600 years, and its last sultan, Mehmed VI, abdicates, leaves for exile in Italy on November 17.
  • A broadcast receiving licence with a fee of ten shillings is introduced in the United Kingdom.
• November 4 – In Egypt, English archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to Pharaoh Tutankhamun’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
• November 12 – Sigma Gamma Rho (ΣΓΡ) Sorority, Incorporated is founded by seven educators in Indianapolis, Indiana. The group becomes an incorporated national collegiate sorority on December 30, 1929, when a charter is granted to the Alpha Chapter at Butler University in Indianapolis.
• November 14 – The British Broadcasting Company (BBC) begins radio service in the United Kingdom, broadcasting from station 2LO in London.
• November 15
  • In the 1922 United Kingdom general election forced by the Conservatives’ withdrawal from the coalition government, the Conservative Party wins an overall majority. Labourfor the first time becomes the main opposition party, winning more seats than the divided Liberals. A dining club of newly elected Conservative Members of Parliament evolves the following year into the 1922 Committee.
  • 1922 Guayaquil general strike: During a 3-day strike action in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador, police and military fire into a crowd, killing at least 300.
• November 19 – Abdülmecid II, Crown Prince of the Ottoman Empire, is elected Caliph.
• November 21 – Rebecca Felton of Georgia takes the oath of office, becoming the first woman United States Senator.
• November 24 – Popular author and anti-Treaty Republican Erskine Childers is executed by firing squad in Dublin, after conviction by an Irish Free State military court for the unlawful possession of a gun, a weapon presented to him by Michael Collins in 1920 as a gift.

• November 26 – Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon become the first people to see inside KV62, the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun, in over 3,000 years.

December

• December 5 – The British Parliament enacts the Irish Free State Constitution Act, by which it legally sanctions the new Constitution of the Irish Free State.
• December 6 – The Irish Free State officially comes into existence. George V becomes the Free State’s monarch. Tim Healy is appointed first Governor-General of the Irish Free State, and W. T. Cosgrave becomes President of the Executive Council.
• December 9 – Gabriel Narutowicz is elected the first president of Poland.
• December 11 – The trial of Edith Thompson and Frederick Bywaters ends at the Old Bailey in London, for the murder of Thompson’s husband; both are found guilty and sentenced to hang.
• December 16 – Gabriel Narutowicz, sworn on December 11 as first president of the Second Polish Republic, is assassinated by a right-wing sympathizer in Warsaw.
• December 20 – Antigone by Jean Cocteau appears on stage in Paris, with settings by Pablo Picasso, music by Arthur Honegger and costumes by Gabrielle Chanel.
• December 27 – Japanese aircraft carrier Hōshō becomes the first purpose-designed aircraft carrier to be commissioned.
• December 30 – Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and the Transcaucasian Republic (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia) come together to form the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, dissolved in 1991.
• December – The year ends with hyperinflation showing no sign of slowing down in Germany, with 7,000 marks now needed to buy a single American dollar.

Date unknown

• Wracked by rapid inflation and political assassinations, and motivated by hostility and arrogance as well, the Weimar Republic announces its inability to pay more, and proposes a moratorium on reparations for 3 years.
• Kurd Istigdul Djemijetin, the Kurdish Independence Committee, is founded.
• The Inter-Parliamentary Union is established.
• Earl W. Bascom, rodeo cowboy and artist, designs and makes rodeo’s first hornless bronc saddle at Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
• Vegemite is invented by Australian entrepreneur Fred Walker.
• The Molly Pitcher Club is formed to promote the repeal of Prohibition in the United States.
• Thompson Webb founds the Webb School of California for boys in Claremont.
• The Barbary lion becomes extinct in the wild, with the last killed in Morocco, in the area of the Zelan and Beni Mguild Forests.
• The Amur tiger becomes extinct in South Korea.
• Bronisław Malinowski’s influential ethnological text, Argonauts of the Western Pacific, is published.

Births

January

• January 1
  • Fritz Hollings, American politician (d. 2019)
  • José de Jesús Sahagún de la Parra, Mexican Roman Catholic bishop
• January 2 – Blaga Dimitrova, Bulgarian poet and politician (d. 2003)
• January 3 – John R. Schmidhauser, American politician (d. 2018)
• January 4
  • Haven J. Barlow, American politician
  • Karl-Erik Nilsson, Swedish wrestler (d. 2017)
• January 5 – Helen Smith, American female baseball player (d. 2019)
• January 6 – Hugo Broch, German lieutenant and pilot
• January 8 – Jan Nieuwenhuys, Dutch painter (d. 1986)
• January 9
  • Har Gobind Khorana, Indian biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2011)
  • Ahmed Sékou Touré, Guinean politician, President of Guinea (1958-1984) (d. 1984)
• January 10 – Terence Kilmartin, Irish journalist, translator (d. 1991)
• January 12 – Tadeusz Żychiewicz, Polish journalist, art historian and publicist (d. 1994)
• January 13
  • Bud Anderson, American fighter pilot
  • Albert Lamorisse, French film director (d. 1970)
• January 14 – Guy Stern, German literary scholar
• January 16 – Ernesto Bonino, Italian singer (d. 2008)
• January 17
  • Miodrag Jovanović, Serbian footballer (d. 2009)
  • Luis Echeverría, 50th President of Mexico
  • Nicholas Katzenbach, United States Attorney General (d. 2012)
  • Bell M. Shimada, American fisheries scientist (d. 1958)
  • Betty White, American actress, television personality and animal welfare activist
• January 19
  • Lila Cockrell, former Mayor of San Antonio (d. 2019)
  • Guy Madison, American actor (d. 1996)
• January 20
  • Ray Anthony, American trumpet player, composer, bandleader and actor
  • Bhisadej Rajani, Thai prince
  • Ed Westcott, American photographer (d. 2019)
• January 21
  • Lincoln Alexander, Canadian politician (d. 2012)
  • Sam Mele, American baseball player, manager (d. 2017)
  • Telly Savalas, American actor, singer (d. 1994)
  • Paul Scofield, English actor (d. 2008)
• January 22,
  • Leonel Brizola, Brazilian politician (d. 2004)
  • Annabelle Lee, American female professional baseball player (d. 2008)
  • Howard Moss, American poet, dramatist, and critic (d. 1987)
  • Bill Waterhouse, Australian bookmaker, businessman and barrister (d. 2019)
• January 24 – Charles Socarides, American psychiatrist (d. 2005)
• January 26
  • Bob Thomas, American Hollywood biographer, reporter (d. 2014)
  • Ellen Vogel, Dutch film, television actress (d. 2015)
• January 28 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1993)
• January 29 – Gerda Steinhoff, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1946)
• January 30
  • Rosemary Kuhlmann, American soprano and actress (d. 2019)
  • Dick Martin, American comedian (d. 2008)
• January 31 – Joanne Dru, American actress (d. 1996)

February

• February 1 – Renata Tebaldi, Italian soprano (d. 2004)
• February 2
  • Robert Chef d’Hôtel, French athlete (d. 2019)
  • Juan Marichal, Spanish-Canarian historian, literary critic and essayist (d. 2010)
  • Stoyanka Mutafova, Bulgarian actress (d. 2019)
  • James L. Usry, American politician, first African-American mayor of Atlantic City, New Jersey (d. 2002)
• February 4
  • Bernard Kalb, American journalist
  • William Edward Phipps, American actor, producer (d. 2018)
• February 6
  • Witold Kieżun, Polish economist
  • Patrick Macnee, British actor (d. 2015)
  • Denis Norden, British television, radio scriptwriter and personality (d. 2018)
  • Haskell Wexler, American cinematographer (d. 2015)
• February 7
  • Hattie Jacques, English actress (d. 1980)
  • Antonio Nardini, Italian historian and author (d. 2020)
• February 8
  • Yuri Averbakh, Russian chess player and author
  • Audrey Meadows, American actress (d. 1996)
• February 9
  • Kathryn Grayson, American actress (d. 2010)
  • Jim Laker, British cricketer (d. 1986)
• February 10 – Árpád Göncz, President of Hungary (d. 2015)
• February 12 – Hussein Onn, third Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1990)
• February 13
  • David O. Moberg, American sociologist
  • Hal Moore, American Lieutenant general, non-fiction writer (d. 2017)
  • Gordon Tullock, American economist (d. 2014)
• February 15
  • John Bayard Anderson, American Congressman, presidential candidate (d. 2017)
  • Poul Thomsen, Danish actor (d. 1988)
• February 16 – Frédéric Rossif, French film, television director (d. 1991)
• February 17
  • Enrico Banducci, American nightclub owner (d. 2007)
  • Tommy Edwards, American singer, songwriter (d. 1969)
• February 18
  • Helen Gurley Brown, American editor, publisher (d. 2012)
  • J. Keith Fraser, Canadian physical geographer
  • Eric Gairy, 1st Prime Minister of Grenada (d. 1997)
  • Connie Wisniewski, American female professional baseball player (d. 1995)
• February 19 – Margherita Marchione, American Roman Catholic sister, writer, teacher and apologist
• February 22
  • Esperanza Magaz, Cuban-born Venezuelan actress (d. 2013)
  • Mohd Hamdan Abdullah, Malaysian politician (d. 1977)
• February 23 – James L. Holloway III, American naval officer (d. 2019)
• February 24
  • Ruth Godfrey, American film actress (d. 1985)
  • Richard Hamilton, British painter (d. 2011)
  • Steven Hill, American actor (d. 2016)
• February 25 – Molly Reilly, Canadian aviator (d. 1980)
• February 26
  • William Baumol, American economist (d. 2017)
  • Margaret Leighton, British actress (d. 1976)
  • Paatje Phefferkorn, Dutch martial artist (d. 2021)
  • Karl Aage Præst, Danish football player (d. 2011)

March

• March 1
  • Naftali Blumenthal, Israeli politician
  • Michael Flanders, English actor, songwriter (d. 1975)
  • William Gaines, American magazine publisher (MAD) (d. 1992)
  • William R. Lucas, American space flight director
  • Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1995)
• March 2
  • Hilarion Capucci, Syrian Catholic bishop (d. 2017)
  • Arnold Hano, American writer
• March 3 – Nándor Hidegkuti, Hungarian footballer (d. 2002)
• March 4
  • Richard E. Cunha, American cinematographer, film director (d. 2005)
  • Martha O’Driscoll, American film actress (d. 1998)
  • Dina Pathak, Gujarati theatre, film actress (d. 2002)
• March 5 – Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian film director (d. 1975)
• March 6 – Wanda Klaff, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1946)
• March 7 – Andy Phillip, American basketball player and coach (d. 2001)
• March 8
  • Ralph H. Baer, German-born American inventor (d. 2014)
  • Cyd Charisse, American actress, dancer (d. 2008)
  • Yevgeny Matveyev, Russian actor, film director (d. 2003)
  • Mizuki Shigeru, Japanese author (d. 2015)
• March 9
  • Bill Bainbridge, English footballer (d. 1966)
  • Herb Douglas, American athlete
  • Flemming Valdemar, Count of Rosenborg (d. 2002)
  • Floyd McKissick, American lawyer and civil rights activist (d. 1991)
• March 11 – Abdul Razak Hussein, second Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1976)
• March 12
  • Jack Kerouac, American author (d. 1969)
  • Lane Kirkland, American union leader (d. 1999)
• March 13 – Jim Wiggins, English actor (d. 1999)
• March 14
  • Arch Johnson, American actor (d. 1997)
  • China Zorrilla, Uruguayan actress, director and producer (d. 2014)
• March 15 – Karl-Otto Apel, German philosopher (d. 2017)
• March 16 – Harding Lemay, American television scriptwriter, playwright (d. 2018)
• March 17 – Patrick Suppes, American philosopher (d. 2014)
• March 18
  • Fred Shuttlesworth, American civil rights leader (d. 2011)
  • Egon Bahr, German politician (d. 2015)
  • Karl Kordesch, Austrian-American inventor (d. 2011)
• March 19 – Hiroo Onoda, Japanese officer, WWII holdout (d. 2014)
• March 20
  • Arnold Burgen, English physicist, pharmacologist, academic and administrator
  • Carl Reiner, American film director, producer, actor, and comedian (d. 2020)
• March 21 – Russ Meyer, American film director, producer (d. 2004)
• March 22
  • Robert L. Backman, American lawyer and politician
  • Ghazali Shafie, Malaysian politician (d. 2010)
  • Alex Xydias, American racing driver
• March 23
  • Marty Allen, American actor, comedian (d. 2018)
  • Robert Simons, English cricketer, cricket administrator (d. 2011)
• March 26 – William Milliken, American politician (d. 2019)
• March 27
  • Murray Olderman, American sports cartoonist and writer (d. 2020)
  • Josephine Kabick, American professional baseball player (AAGPBL) (d. 1978)
  • Stefan Wul, French writer (d. 2003)
• March 28
  • Felice Chiusano, Italian singer (Quartetto Cetra) (d. 1990)
  • Joey Maxim, American boxer (d. 2001)
  • B. Neminathan, Sri Lankan politician
  • Prince Heinrich of Bavaria (d. 1958)
• March 29
  • March Fong Eu, American politician (d. 2017)
  • Bill Wynne, American author, photographer and dog trainer
• March 31
  • Richard Kiley, American actor, singer (d. 1999)
  • Art Shay, American photographer, writer (d. 2018)

April

• April 1
  • William Manchester, American writer (d. 2004)
  • Saad el-Shazly, Egyptian military commander (d. 2011)
• April 3
  • Doris Day, American actress and singer (d. 2019)
  • Maurice Riel, Canadian senator (d. 2007)
• April 4
  • Dionísio Azevedo, Brazilian television, theatre, and film actor, director, and writer (d. 1994)
  • Elmer Bernstein, American composer (d. 2004)
  • Irwin Belk, American businessman, politician (d. 2018)
• April 5
  • Tom Finney, English footballer (d. 2014)
  • Gale Storm, American singer, actress (d. 2009)
• April 6 – Nancy Mackay, Canadian athlete (d. 2016)
• April 7
  • Dircinha Batista, Brazilian actress and singer (d. 1999)
  • Margia Dean, American actress
  • Mongo Santamaría, Cuban jazz musician (d. 2003)
  • Lothar Sieber, German test pilot (d. 1945)
• April 8 – Carmen McRae, American jazz singer (d. 1994)
• April 9 – Johnny Thomson, American racecar driver (d. 1960)
• April 13 – Julius Nyerere, 1st President of Tanzania (d. 1999)
• April 14 – Ali Akbar Khan, Indian musician (d. 2009)
• April 15 – Michael Ansara, Syrian-born American actor (d. 2013)
• April 16
  • Kingsley Amis, English novelist (d. 1995)
  • Leo Tindemans, 43rd Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2014)
• April 18
  • Barbara Hale, American actress (d. 2017)
  • Paulo Nogueira Neto, Brazilian environmentalist (d. 2019)
• April 19
  • Luigi Barbarito, Italian prelate (d. 2017)
  • Erich Hartmann, German World War II fighter pilot, highest-scoring ace in world history (d. 1993)
  • Rose Marie McCoy, African-American songwriter (d. 2015)
• April 21
  • Valérie André, French general, neurosurgeon and aviator
  • Alistair MacLean, Scottish writer (d. 1987)
• April 22 – Charles Mingus, African-American musician (d. 1979)
• April 23 – Marjorie Cameron, American writer, painter, actress and occultist (d. 1995)
• April 24
  • Susanna Agnelli, Italian politician (d. 2009)
  • Antun Bogetić, Croatian Catholic prelate (d. 2017)
• April 26
  • Keith McKenzie, Australian rules footballer, coach (d. 2018)
  • Jeanne Sauvé, Canadian journalist and politician, Governor General of Canada (d. 1993)
  • Margaret Scott, South African ballerina, choreographer (d. 2019)
• April 27
  • Martin Gray, Polish writer (d. 2016)
  • Jack Klugman, American actor (d. 2012)
• April 28
  • William Broomfield, American politician (d. 2019)
  • Joseph Wilson Morris, American lawyer and federal judge
• April 29 – Toots Thielemans, Belgian jazz musician (d. 2016)

May

• May 1
  • Alastair Gillespie, Canadian scholar, politician (d. 2018)
  • Vitaly Popkov, Russian fighter ace (d. 2010)
• May 2 – Roscoe Lee Browne, African-American actor (d. 2007)
• May 4 – Eugenie Clark, American marine biologist (d. 2015)
• May 6
  • Anna Elizabeth Botha, first wife of South African State President P. W. Botha (d. 1997)
  • Vladimir Etush, Russian actor (d. 2019)
• May 7
  • Darren McGavin, American actor (d. 2006)
  • Joe O’Donnell, American documentary photographer, photojournalist (d. 2007)
• May 8 – Yusof Rawa, Malaysian politician (d. 2000)
• May 10 – Nancy Walker, American actress, singer and director (d. 1992)
• May 11
  • Bhabani Charan Pattanayak, Indian politician and independence activist (d. 2020)
  • Ameurfina Melencio-Herrera, Filipino Supreme Court jurist (d. 2020)
• May 12
  • Paul Milstein, American real estate developer (d. 2010)
  • Gordon Mydland, American politician and lawyer
  • Wilburn K. Ross, American WWII veteran (d. 2017)
  • Murray Gershenz, American character actor, entrepreneur (d. 2013)
• May 13
  • Otl Aicher, German graphic artist (d. 1991)
  • Michael Ainsworth, British cricketer (d. 1978)
  • Billy Gabor, American basketball player (d. 2019)
  • Bea Arthur, American actress, comedian (d. 2009)
• May 14 – Franjo Tuđman, first President of Croatia (d. 1999)
• May 15
  • Jakucho Setouchi, Japanese writer, Buddhist nun
  • Selma Engel-Wijnberg, Dutch Holocaust survivor (d. 2018)
• May 18
  • Gerda Boyesen, Norwegian-born body psychotherapist (d. 2005)
  • Bill Macy, American actor (Maude) (d. 2019)
  • Kai Winding, Danish-born musician (d. 1983)
• May 19
  • Joe Gilmore, Irish barman (Savoy Hotel’s American Bar) (d. 2015)
  • Arthur Gorrie, Australian hobby shop proprietor (d. 1992)
• May 21 – James Lopez Watson, American judge (d. 2001)
• May 22 – Quinn Martin, American television producer (d. 1987)
• May 25
  • Enrico Berlinguer, Italian politician (d. 1984)
  • William V. McBride, American general
• May 27
  • Otto Carius, German tank commander (d. 2015)
  • Sir Christopher Lee, English actor, singer (d. 2015)
• May 28
  • Lou Duva, American boxing trainer (d. 2017)
  • Tuomas Gerdt, Finnish soldier, last living Knight of the Mannerheim Cross (d. 2020)
  • Pompeyo Márquez, Venezuelan politician (d. 2017)
• May 29
  • Eleanor Coerr, American writer (d. 2010)
  • Reginald Rodrigues, Indian field hockey player (d. 1995)
  • Iannis Xenakis, Greek composer (d. 2001)
• May 30 – Hal Clement, American writer (d. 2003)
• May 31 – Denholm Elliott, English actor (d. 1992)

June

• June 1
  • Joan Copeland, American actress
  • Bibi Ferreira, Brazilian actress (d. 2019)
  • Povel Ramel, Swedish musician (d. 2007)
• June 2 – Charlie Sifford, American golfer (d. 2015)
• June 3 – Alain Resnais, French film director (d. 2014)
• June 4 – Joe Vancisin, American basketball coach and executive
• June 5 – Sheila Sim, English actress (d. 2016)
• June 9 – George Axelrod, American scriptwriter (d. 2003)
• June 10
  • Robert Alan Aurthur, American screenwriter (d. 1978)
  • Judy Garland, American singer, actress (d. 1969)
• June 11 – Tibor Baranski, Hungarian-American educator (d. 2019)
• June 12 – Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist (d. 2013)
• June 13 – Edward Shames, American army officer
• June 14 – Kevin Roche, Irish-American architect (d. 2019)
• June 16 – Wayne Mixson, American politician (d. 2020)
• June 18
  • Claude Helffer, French pianist (d. 2004)
  • Donald Keene, American-born Japanese scholar, historian, teacher, writer and translator (d. 2019)
• June 19
  • Aage Bohr, Danish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2009)
  • Marilyn P. Johnson, American educator and diplomat
• June 21 – Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Burkinabé historian, politician and writer (d. 2006)
• June 22
  • Mona Lisa, Filipino actress (d. 2019)
  • William L. Stearman, American author and government official
  • Armando Tre Re, Italian football player (d. 2003)
• June 23 – Wu Yingyin, Chinese singer (d. 2009)
• June 24
  • Jack Carter, American comedian, actor and television presenter (d. 2015)
  • Abou Rejaile Bechara, Lebanese wrestler
  • Tata Giacobetti, Italian singer, lyricist (d. 1988)
• June 25 – Sita bint Fahd Al Damir, Saudi princess (d. 2012)
• June 26
  • Enzo Apicella, London-based artist, cartoonist, designer, and restaurateur (d. 2018)
  • Eleanor Parker, American actress (d. 2013)
• June 27 – George Walker, African-American composer (d. 2018)
• June 28
  • Hans Frauenfelder, Swiss-born American physicist, biophysicist
  • John Nicholson Black, English educator (d. 2018)
• June 29 – Vasko Popa, Yugoslavian poet (d. 1991)

July

• July 1
  • Mordechai Bibi, Israeli politician
  • Derek Riley, Canadian rower (d. 2018)
  • Warren Winkelstein, American epidemiologist (d. 2012)
• July 2
  • Pierre Cardin, Italian-born French fashion designer (d. 2020)
  • Howard Wesley Johnson, American educator (d. 2009)
  • Paula Valenska, Czech actress
• July 3
  • Theo Brokmann Jr., Dutch football player (d. 2003)
  • Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo (Corneille), Dutch painter (d. 2010)
  • Viggo Rivad, Danish photographer (d. 2016)
  • Howie Schultz, American baseball, basketball player (d. 2009)
• July 4
  • Charles Csuri, American artist
  • Noble Frankland, English military historian (d. 2019)
  • R. James Harvey, American politician, jurist (d. 2019)
• July 5
  • Doris Margaret Anderson, Canadian nutritionist and senator
  • Hélio Bicudo, Brazilian jurist, politician (d. 2018)
  • Zeynep Korkmaz, Turkish scholar, dialectologist
• July 6
  • William Schallert, American character actor (d. 2016)
  • Toni Seven, American cover girl, actress (d. 1991)
• July 7
  • James D. Hughes, American Air Force lieutenant general
  • Francis Jeanson, French philosopher (d. 2009)
  • P. Gopinathan Nair, Indian social worker
  • Reidar Torp, Norwegian military officer (d. 2017)
• July 8 – Eugenio Martínez, Cuban-born American Watergate burglar (d. 2021)
• July 9
  • Angelines Fernández, Spanish-born Mexican actress (d. 1994)
  • Jim Pollard, American basketball player and coach (d. 1993)
• July 10
  • Jack Arthurs, American politician (d. 2020)
  • Fred Furniss, English footballer (d. 2017)
  • Petar Kovachev, Bulgarian cross country skier
  • Jake LaMotta, American boxer (d. 2017)
  • Herb McKenley, Jamaican Olympic sprinter (d. 2007)
• July 11
  • John J. Maurer, American politician, airline pilot (d. 2019)
  • Jerald terHorst, American journalist, White House press secretary (d. 2010)
• July 12 – Mark Hatfield, American politician, educator (d. 2011)
• July 13
  • Helmy Afify Abd El-Bar, Egyptian military commander (d. 2011)
  • Leslie Brooks, American actress, dancer (d. 2011)
  • Fred Fiedler, American psychologist (d. 2017)
  • Louis R. Harlan, American academic historian (d. 2010)
  • Fran Hopper, American comic book artist (d. 2017)
  • Anker Jørgensen, Danish politician (d. 2016)
  • Ken Mosdell, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2006)
• July 14
  • Bernie Agrons, American politician (d. 2015)
  • Julio Cozzi, Argentine football goalkeeper (d. 2011)
  • Käbi Laretei, Estonian and Swedish concert pianist (d. 2014)
  • Bill Millin, English personal piper (d. 2010)
  • Gerald Myrden, American businessman (d. 2016)
  • Robin Olds, American fighter pilot (d. 2007)
  • Elfriede Rinkel, German SS officer (d. 2018)
• July 15
  • Ghulam Nabi Firaq, Kashmiri poet, writer and educationist (d. 2016)
  • B. Rajam Iyer, South Indian Carnatic singer (d. 2009)
  • Leon M. Lederman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
• July 16
  • Samuel Conti, American politician (d. 2018)
  • Dottie Frazier, American scuba diver
  • Anatoli Levitin, Soviet Russian painter, art educator (d. 2018)
• July 17
  • Jane Cronin Scanlon, American mathematician (d. 2018)
  • Tetsurō Tamba, Japanese actor (d. 2006)
• July 18
  • Harry Kermode, Canadian basketball player (d. 2009)
  • Thomas Kuhn, American philosopher of science (d. 1996)
  • Ray Lambert, Welsh footballer (d. 2009)
  • Hedy Stenuf, Austrian figure skater (d. 2010)
• July 19
  • George McGovern, American politician, historian and author (d. 2012)
  • Rachel Robinson, American nurse, professor
  • Stig Sundqvist, Swedish footballer (d. 2011)
  • Tuanku Jaafar ibni Almarhum Tuanku Abdul Rahman, King of Malaysia (d. 2008)
• July 20
  • Ruth Bidgood, Welsh poet and local historian
  • Wolfgang Klausewitz, German zoologist, ichthyologist, marine biologist and biohistorian (d. 2018)
  • Alan Stephenson Boyd, American attorney and 1st United States Secretary of Transportation (d. 2020)
• July 21
  • Demeter Bitenc, Slovenian film actor (d. 2018)
  • Kay Starr, American jazz and pop singer (d. 2016)
  • Mollie Sugden, English comedy actress (d. 2009)
• July 22 – Julia Farron, English ballerina (d. 2019)
• July 23 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (d. 2004)
• July 25 – John B. Goodenough, German-American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• July 26
  • Gilberto Agustoni, Swiss prelate (d. 2017)
  • Anna Berger, American actress (d. 2014)
  • Blake Edwards, American film director (d. 2010)
  • Jason Robards, American actor (d. 2000)
  • Hoyt Wilhelm, American baseball pitcher (d. 2002)
• July 27
  • Joe D’Orazio, English professional wrestler and referee
  • Norman Lear, American television writer and producer
• July 29 – Mac Wilson, Australian rules footballer (d. 1996)
• July 31
  • Hank Bauer, American baseball right fielder, manager (d. 2007)
  • Mario Boyé, Argentine footballer (d. 1992)
  • Bill Kaysing, American writer, conspiracy theorist (d. 2005)

August

• August 1 – Paul Fitzgerald, Australian painter (d. 2017)
• August 2
  • Betsy Bloomingdale, American socialite and philanthropist (d. 2016)
  • Paul Laxalt, American politician (d. 2018)
  • Tupua Leupena, Tuvaluan politician (d. 1996)
• August 3
  • Robert Sumner, American evangelist, author (d. 2016)
  • Su Bai, Chinese archaeologist (d. 2018)
• August 4
  • Janez Stanovnik, Slovenian economist, politician (d. 2020)
  • Charles Winick, American anthropologist, sociologist and author (d. 2015)
• August 5
  • Harry Carmean, American painter
  • Sandy Kenyon, American actor (d. 2010)
• August 6 – James Wong, Malaysian politician (d. 2011)
• August 8
  • Rory Calhoun, American television, film actor (d. 1999)
  • Alberto Granado, Cuban writer, scientist (d. 2011)
• August 9 – Philip Larkin, English poet (d. 1985)
• August 11 – Sara Luzita, Spanish actress and dancer
• August 12
  • Wu Nansheng, Chinese politician (d. 2018)
  • Miloš Jakeš, Czech politician (d. 2020)
• August 14 – Leslie Marr, English racing driver
• August 15 – Lukas Foss, German-born composer (d. 2009)
• August 17
  • Frederick B. Dent, American businessman and politician (d. 2019)
  • Khaled Mohieddin, Egyptian military officer, politician (d. 2018)
• August 21 – Mel Fisher, American treasure hunter, founder of the Mel Fisher Maritime Heritage Museum (d. 1998)
• August 22 – Micheline Presle, French actress
• August 23
  • Tônia Carrero, Brazilian actress (d. 2018)
  • Inge Deutschkron, German-Israeli journalist and author
  • Roland Dumas, French lawyer and politician
  • George Kell, American baseball player (d. 2009)
• August 24
  • René Lévesque, 23rd Premier of Quebec (d. 1987)
  • Howard Zinn, American social activist, historian (d. 2010)
• August 25 – Ivry Gitlis, Israeli violinist (d. 2020)
• August 27 – Sōsuke Uno, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1998)
• August 29 – Arthur Anderson, American actor of radio, film, television, and stage (d. 2016)
• August 31 – André Baudry, French magazine editor (d. 2018)

September

• September 1
  • Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian-born American actress, dancer (d. 2007)
  • Vittorio Gassman, Italian actor, director (d. 2000)
• September 2 – Arthur Ashkin, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2020)
• September 3
  • Steffan Danielsen, Faroese painter (d. 1976)
  • Salli Terri, Canadian mezzo-soprano (d. 1996)
• September 7
  • Paulo Autran, Brazilian actor (d. 2007)
  • David Croft, British writer, producer and actor (d. 2011)
  • Necdet Calp, Turkish civil servant, politician (d. 1998)
• September 8 – Sid Caesar, American actor, comedian (d. 2014)
• September 9
  • Bernard Bailyn, American historian and author (d. 2020)
  • Hans Georg Dehmelt, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2017)
  • Hoyt Curtin, American composer and music producer (d. 2000)
  • Manolis Glezos, Greek Resistance fighter (d. 2020)
  • Warwick Kerr, Brazilian geneticist (d. 2018)
• September 10 – Edward B. Jelks, American archaeologist
• September 11 – Charles Evers, American politician and civil rights activist (d. 2020)
• September 12 – Jackson Mac Low, American poet (d. 2004)
• September 13 – Tony Sumpter, American football player (d. 2017)
• September 15
  • Jackie Cooper, American actor, director (d. 2011)
  • Gaetano Cozzi, Italian historian (d. 2001)
  • Phyllis Koehn, American female professional baseball player (d. 2007)
  • Mary Soames, Baroness Soames of England (d. 2014)
• September 16
  • Guy Hamilton, French-English director, screenwriter (d. 2016)
  • Janis Paige, American actress
• September 17
  • Agostinho Neto, 1st President of Angola (d. 1979)
  • Vance Bourjaily, American writer, novelist, playwright, journalist, and essayist (d. 2010)
  • Thomas Finlay, Irish judge, politician and barrister (d. 2017)
• September 18 – John S. Foster Jr., American physicist
• September 19
  • Emil Zatopek, Czechoslovakian athlete (d. 2000)
  • Dana Zátopková, Czech Olympic javelin thrower (d. 2020)
• September 21 – Lee Hee-ho, First Lady of South Korea (d. 2019)
• September 22 – Rosa Nell Speer, American southern gospel singer (d. 2017)
• September 23 – Louise Latham, American actress (d. 2018)
• September 24
  • Meche Barba, American-Mexican film actress and dancer (d. 2000)
  • Bert I. Gordon, American film director
  • Floyd Levin, American-born musicologist (d. 2007)
  • Asit Sen, Bengali Indian film director (d. 2001)
• September 25
  • Hammer DeRoburt, first President of Nauru (d. 1992)
  • Roger Etchegaray, French cardinal (d. 2019)
• September 26 – Harold Zvi Schiffrin, American professor
• September 28 – Jules Sedney, Prime Minister of Suriname (d. 2020)
• September 29
  • Noémi Ban, Hungarian-American lecturer, public speaker and Holocaust survivor (d. 2019)
  • Karl-Heinz Köpcke, German television presenter, news speaker (d. 1991)
  • Lizabeth Scott, American actress (d. 2015)

October

• October 1
  • Burke Marshall, American lawyer, politician (d. 2003)
  • Chen-Ning Yang, Chinese-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• October 4 – Gianna Beretta Molla, Italian Roman Catholic pediatrician, saint (d. 1962)
• October 5 – José Froilán González, Argentine race car driver (d. 2013)
• October 6 – George R. Price, American population geneticist (d. 1975)
• October 7 – Martha Stewart, American actress (d. 2021)
• October 9 – Fyvush Finkel, American comedian (d. 2016)
• October 10 – Edna Child, English diver
• October 11 – Wolfgang Zuckermann, German-American harpsichord maker and sustainability activist (d. 2018)
• October 13 – Nathaniel Clifton, American basketball and baseball player (d. 1990)
• October 14 – Yumeji Tsukioka, Japanese actress (d. 2017)
• October 15 – Luigi Giussani, Italian Catholic priest (d. 2005)
• October 17 – Angel Wagenstein, Bulgarian film director and author
• October 19
  • Jack Anderson, American journalist (d. 2005)
  • Ibrahim Ismail, Malaysian soldier (d. 2010)
• October 20 – John Anderson, American actor (d. 1992)
• October 21 – Liliane Bettencourt, French businesswoman, philanthropist (d. 2017)
• October 22 – John Chafee, American politician (d. 1999)
• October 23
  • Jean Barker, Baroness Trumpington, English politician (d. 2018)
  • Coleen Gray, American actress (d. 2015)
• October 26
  • Madelyn Dunham, American maternal grandmother of Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States (d. 2008)
  • Richard E. Rumble, American rear admiral
• October 27
  • Poul Bundgaard, Danish actor, singer (d. 1998)
  • Ruby Dee, American actress, poet, activist, journalist and second wife of Ossie Davis (d. 2014)
  • Michel Galabru, French actor (d. 2016)
  • Ralph Kiner, American Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 2014)
  • Del Rice, American professional baseball player, coach and manager (d. 1983)
• October 28
  • Gershon Kingsley, German-American composer (d. 2019)
  • Butch van Breda Kolff, American basketball coach (d. 2007)
• October 30 – Iancu Țucărman, Romanian Holocaust survivor (d. 2021)
• October 31
  • Barbara Bel Geddes, American actress, children’s book author (d. 2005)
  • András Hegedüs, 45th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1999)
  • Norodom Sihanouk, King of Cambodia (d. 2012)

November

• November 1 – Ezio Barbieri, Italian criminal (d. 2018)
• November 2 – Stan Perron, Australian businessman (d. 2018)
• November 3 – Townsend Cromwell, American oceanographer (d. 1958)
• November 4 – Eddie Basinski, American baseball player
• November 5
  • Sydney Kentridge, South African lawyer
  • Yitzchok Scheiner, American-born rabbi (d. 2021)
• November 6
  • Ronald Blythe, English author
  • Vivian Kellogg, American professional baseball player (d. 2013)
• November 8 – Chris Barnard, South African cardiac surgeon, heart transplant pioneer (d. 2001)
• November 9
  • Dorothy Dandridge, African-American actress (d. 1965)
  • Raymond Devos, French humorist (d. 2006)
• November 10 – Harry Dornbrand, American aerospace engineer
• November 11
  • George Blake, né Behar, Dutch-born British double agent (d. 2020)
  • Abdullahi Issa, Somalian politician, 1st Prime Minister of Somalia (d. 1988)
  • Kurt Vonnegut, American novelist (d. 2007)
• November 12
  • Ichiro Abe, Japanese judoka
  • Kim Hunter, American actress (d. 2002)
• November 13 – Oskar Werner, Austrian actor (d. 1984)
• November 14
  • Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Egyptian Secretary-General of the United Nations (d. 2016)
  • Veronica Lake, American actress (d. 1973)
• November 15 – David Sidney Feingold, American biochemist (d. 2019)
• November 16
  • Royal Dano, American actor (d. 1994)
  • Patricia Barry, American actress (d. 2016)
  • Hoàng Minh Chính, Vietnamese politician, dissident (d. 2008)
  • Sidney Mintz, American anthropologist (d. 2015)
  • José Saramago, Portuguese author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
• November 17 – Stanley Cohen, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2020)
• November 18 – Luis Somoza Debayle, 26th President of Nicaragua (d. 1967)
• November 19 – Yuri Knorozov, Russian linguist, epigrapher (d. 1999)
• November 22 – Francesco Rosi, Italian film director (d. 2015)
• November 23
  • Donald Tennant, American advertising agency executive (d. 2001)
  • Võ Văn Kiệt, Vietnamese politician, statesman (d. 2008)
• November 24
  • Stanford R. Ovshinsky, American inventor and scientist (d. 2012)
  • Song Sin-do, Korean former comfort woman (d. 2017)
• November 25 – Shelagh Fraser, British actress (d. 2000)
• November 26 – Charles M. Schulz, American cartoonist (d. 2000)
• November 27
  • Nicholas Magallanes, Mexican-American principal dancer, charter member of the New York City Ballet (d. 1977)
  • Jacqueline White, American actress
• November 29 – Michael Howard, English historian, author and academic (d. 2019)

December

• December 1
  • William James Lanyon Smith, New Zealand naval officer (d. 2018)
  • Charles Gérard, French actor (d. 2019)
  • S. H. Sarma, Indian admiral
• December 2
  • Charles Diggs, American politician (d. 1998)
  • Leo Gordon, American actor (d. 2000)
• December 4
  • Densey Clyne, Australian naturalist, photographer and writer (d. 2019)
  • Gérard Philipe, French actor (d. 1959)
• December 5
  • William Davidson, American sports owner (d. 2009)
  • Don Robertson, American songwriter and pianist (d. 2015)
• December 6 – Benjamin A. Gilman, American politician (d. 2016)
• December 8
  • Lucian Freud, German born painter (d. 2011)
  • Jean Porter, American actress (d. 2018)
  • Gerhard Löwenthal, German journalist (d. 2002)
  • Sol Yaged, American jazz clarinetist (d. 2019)
• December 9 – Redd Foxx, African-American comedian, actor (d. 1991)
• December 10 – Lucía Hiriart, former First Lady of Chile
• December 11
  • Frank Blaichman, Polish author (d. 2018)
  • Dilip Kumar, Indian actor
  • Maila Nurmi, Finnish-American actress, television personality (d. 2008)
  • Noah Hutchings, American president of Southwest Radio Ministries (d. 2015)
• December 12
  • Christian Dotremont, Belgian painter, writer (d. 1979)
  • Edythe Perlick, American female baseball player (d. 2003)
• December 14
  • Nikolay Basov, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
  • Antonio Larreta, Uruguayan theatre actor, critic and writer (d. 2015)
• December 16 – B. G. Hendrix, American politician (d. 2020)
• December 17 – Alan Voorhees, American engineer and urban planner (d. 2005)
• December 18
  • Ivor Broadis, English footballer (d. 2019)
  • Carlos Altamirano, Chilean lawyer and socialist politician (d. 2019)
  • Jack Brooks, American politician (d. 2012)
• December 20
  • Charita Bauer, American actress, soap opera star (d. 1985)
  • Beverly Pepper, American sculptor and painter (d. 2020)
  • Tony Vaccaro, American photographer
• December 21
  • Itubwa Amram, Nauruan pastor, politician (d. 1989)
  • Paul Winchell, American actor (d. 2005)
• December 22 – Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Hohenberg, Princess of Luxembourg (d. 2011)
• December 23 – Micheline Ostermeyer, French athlete and musician (d. 2001)
• December 24
  • Ava Gardner, American actress (d. 1990)
  • Jonas Mekas, Lithuanian-American filmmaker and poet (d. 2019)
• December 25
  • Neal Watlington, American Major League Baseball player (d. 2019)
  • Steve Wochy, Canadian ice hockey player
• December 26
  • Chuck Cecil, American radio broadcaster (d. 2019)
  • Harry Choates, American fiddler (d. 1951)
• December 27
  • Miller Anderson, American diver (d. 1965)
  • Derek Piggott, English aviator and flight instructor (d. 2019)
• December 28
  • Lionel Bowen, Australian politician (d. 2012)
  • Ivan Desny, Swiss actor (d. 2002)
  • Stan Lee, American comics creator (d. 2018)
  • Ramapada Chowdhury, Indian novelist and writer (d. 2018)
• December 29 – William Gaddis, American writer (d. 1998)
• December 30
  • Boes Boestami, Indonesian actor (d. 1970)
  • Magín Díaz, Colombian musician, composer (d. 2017)
  • Jane Langton, American author, illustrator (d. 2018)

Unknown

• Hiroshi Abe, Japanese soldier and war criminal

Deaths

January

• January 1 – István Kühár, Prekmurje Slovene writer, politician (b. 1887)
• January 5 – Sir Ernest Shackleton, British explorer (b. 1874)
• January 10
  • Ōkuma Shigenobu, 2-time Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1838)
  • Frank Tudor, Australian politician (b. 1866)
• January 15 – John Kirk, British explorer (b. 1832)
• January 21 – John Kendrick Bangs, American author and satirist (b. 1862)
• January 22
  • Pope Benedict XV (b. 1854)
  • Fredrik Bajer, Danish politician, pacifist and Nobel Peace Prize recipient (b. 1837)
  • James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce, Irish-born politician, diplomat and historian (b. 1838)
  • William Christie, British astronomer (b. 1845)
• January 23 – Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (b. 1855)
• January 27
  • Nellie Bly, American undercover journalist (b. 1864)
  • Giovanni Verga, Italian writer (b. 1840)
• January 31 – Heinrich Reinhardt, Austrian composer (b. 1865)

February

• February 1
  • Yamagata Aritomo, Japanese field marshal, 3rd Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1838)
  • William Desmond Taylor, Irish-born film director (b. 1872)
• February 3
  • Christiaan de Wet, Boer general, rebel leader, and politician (b. 1854)
  • John Butler Yeats, Northern Irish artist (b. 1839)
• February 4 – Henry Jones, British philosopher (b. 1852)
• February 8 – Kabayama Sukenori, Japanese samurai, general and statesman (b. 1837)
• February 14 – Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish Minister of Interior (b. 1880)
• February 16 – Newton Knight, American farmer, soldier and Southern Unionist in Mississippi and Civil War guerrilla (b. 1829)
• February 23 – John Joseph Jolly Kyle, Argentine chemist (b. 1838).
• February 25 – Henri Désiré Landru, French serial killer (executed) (b. 1869)

March

• March 1 – Pichichi, Spanish footballer (b. 1892)
• March 4 – Bert Williams, American entertainer (b. 1874)
• March 10 – Harry Kellar, American magician (b. 1849)
• March 19 – Max von Hausen, German general (b. 1846)
• March 21 –C. V. Raman Pillai, Indian novelist and playwright (b. 1858)
• March 24 – Walter Parr, British preacher (b. 1871)
• March 31 Andreas gruber (b. 1859), Cäzila gruber (b. 1850), Viktoria gabriel (b. 1887), Cäzila gabriel (b. 1915), Josef gruber (b. 1920 and Maria Baumgartner (b. 1878. The Hinterkaifeck murders

April

• April 1 – Emperor Charles I of Austria (b. 1887)
• April 2 – Hermann Rorschach, Swiss psychiatrist (b. 1884)
• April 8 – Erich von Falkenhayn, German general (b. 1861)
• April 9
  • Hans Fruhstorfer, German lepidopterist (b. 1866)
  • Patrick Manson, Scottish physician (b. 1844)
• April 14 – Cap Anson, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1852)
• April 28 – Paul Deschanel, President of France (b. 1855)

May

• May 3 – Viktor Kingissepp, Estonian Communist politician (b. 1888)
• May 7 – Max Wagenknecht, German composer (b. 1857)
• May 12 – John Martin Poyer, United States Navy Commander, 12th Governor of American Samoa (b. 1861)
• May 15 – Leslie Ward, English portrait artist, caricaturist (b. 1851)
• May 16 – Rudolf Montecuccoli, Austro-Hungarian admiral (b. 1843)
• May 18 – Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, French physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1845)
• May 19 – Son Byong-hi, Korean activist (b. 1861)
• May 21 – Michael Mayr, Austrian politician, 2nd Chancellor of Austria (b. 1864)
• May 26 – Ernest Solvay, Belgian chemist, philanthropist and entrepreneur (b. 1838)

June

• June 4 – William Halse Rivers Rivers, English doctor (b. 1864)
• June 6
  • Lillian Russell, American singer, actress (b. 1861)
  • Richard A. Ballinger, American politician (b. 1858)
• June 18
  • Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer (b. 1851)
  • Belgrave Ninnis, British explorer (b. 1837)
• June 20 – Vittorio Monti, Italian composer (b. 1868)
• June 21 – Take Ionescu, 29th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1858)
• June 22 – Sir Henry Wilson, 1st Baronet, British field marshal and politician (b. 1864)
• June 23 – Wu Tingfang, Chinese Premier of the Republic of China (b. 1842)
• June 24 – Walter Rathenau, German statesman, Weimar Republic foreign minister (assassinated) (b. 1867)
• June 26 – Prince Albert I of Monaco (b. 1848)
• June 27 – Prince Higashifushimi Yorihito of Japan (b. 1867)
• June 28 – Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian poet, playwright (b. 1885)

July

• July 4 – Lothar von Richthofen, German World War I flying ace (flying accident) (b. 1894)
• July 6 – Mary Theresa Ledóchowska, Polish-born missionary sister (b. 1863)
• July 7 – Ioannis Svoronos, Greek numismatist (b. 1863)
• July 8 – Muhammad V an-Nasir, Bey of Tunis (b. 1855)
• July 20 – Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician (b. 1856)
• July 22 – Jōkichi Takamine, Japanese chemist (b. 1854)
• July 25 – Paul Maistre, French general (b. 1858)
• July 28
  • Jules Guesde, French Socialist journalist and politician (b. 1845)
  • Édouard Harlé, French engineer and prehistorian (b. 1850)
• July 31 – Mary Noailles Murfree, American novelist (b. 1850)

August

• August 2
  • Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-born inventor (b. 1847)
  • Harry Boland, Irish republican (b. 1887)
• August 3 – Ture Malmgren, Swedish journalist, politician (b. 1851)
• August 4
  • Nikolai Nebogatov, Russian admiral (b. 1849)
  • Enver Pasha, Ottoman military leader, Turkish revolutionary (b. 1881)
• August 5 – Tommy McCarthy, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1863)
• August 12 – Arthur Griffith, Irish republican, President of Dáil Éireann (b. 1872)
• August 13 – Saint Benjamin of Petrograd (b. 1873)
• August 14
  • Barbara Galpin, American journalist (b. 1855)
  • Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, British newspaper magnate (b. 1865)
• August 19 – Felip Pedrell, Spanish composer (b. 1841)
• August 22
  • Sir Thomas Brock, British sculptor (b. 1847)
  • Michael Collins, Irish republican, revolutionary, and Chairman of the Provisional Government (assassinated) (b. 1890)
• August 23 – Gheorghe Bengescu, Romanian diplomat and man of letters (b. 1844)
• August 29 – Georges Sorel, French philosopher, theorist of revolutionary syndicalism (b. 1847)

September

• September 1 – Princess Helena, Duchess of Albany, British royal (d. 1861)
• September 4 – James Young, Scottish footballer (motorcycle accident) (b. 1882)
• September 5 – Sarah Winchester, American builder of the Winchester Mystery House (b. 1837)
• September 7 – William Stewart Halsted, American surgeon (b. 1852)
• September 10
  • Saint Chrysostomos of Smyrna (b. 1867)
  • Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, British poet (b. 1840)
• September 25 – Carlo Caneva, Italian general (b. 1845)
• September 26
  • Sir Charles Wade, Australian politician, Premier of New South Wales (b. 1863)
  • Thomas E. Watson, American politician, senator (b. 1856)

October

• October 7 – Marie Lloyd, British singer (b. 1870)
• October 11 – Prince August Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1867)
• October 13 – Elizabeth Williams Champney, American author (b. 1850)
• October 22 – Lyman Abbott, American theologian (b. 1835)
• October 25 – Oscar Hertwig, German zoologist (b. 1849)
• October 30 – Géza Gárdonyi, Hungarian author (b. 1863)

November

• November 1 – Lima Barreto, Brazilian writer (b. 1881)
• November 7 – Sam Thompson, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1860)
• November 14 – Godfrey Chevalier, American naval aviation pioneer (b. 1889)
• November 15 – Dimitrios Gounaris, 94th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1867)
• November 18 – Marcel Proust, French author (b. 1871)
• November 23 – Eduard Seler, Prussian scholar, Mesoamericanist (b. 1849)
• November 24
  • Erskine Childers, Irish novelist, nationalist (executed) (b. 1870)
  • Sidney Sonnino, 19th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1847)
• November 27 – Demetrio Castillo Duany, Cuban revolutionary, soldier, and politician (b. 1856)
• November 30 – René Cresté, French actor, director (b. 1881)

December

• December 12 – John Wanamaker, American businessman (b. 1838)
• December 13 – Hannes Hafstein, 1st Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1861)
• December 14 – Henry Pierrepoint, British executioner (b. 1878)
• December 16 – Gabriel Narutowicz, Polish professor and politician, 1st President of Poland (assassinated) (b. 1865)
• December 17 – David Lindsay, Australian explorer (b. 1856)

Date unknown

• Sergei Sheydeman, Russian general (b. 1857)

Nobel Prizes

• Physics – Niels Henrik David Bohr
• Chemistry – Francis William Aston
• Physiology or Medicine – Archibald Vivian Hill, Otto Fritz Meyerhof
• Literature – Jacinto Benavente
• Peace – Fridtjof Nansen