List of states and territories of the United States by population

The states and territories included in the United States Census Bureau’s statistics include the fifty states, the District of Columbia, and the five permanently inhabited territories of the United States, including Puerto Rico.

Methodology

The United States Census counts total persons residing in the United States including citizens, non-citizen permanent residents, and non-citizen long-term visitors. Civilian and military federal employees serving abroad and their dependents are counted in their home state.

Electoral apportionment

House of Representatives

Based on data from each decennial census, each state is allocated a proportion of the 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives (although each state is guaranteed a minimum of one House seat regardless of population). This apportionment is based on the proportion of each state’s population to the combined population of the fifty states (not including the District of Columbia, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, or the United States Virgin Islands).

Electoral College

The Electoral College is the body that, every four years, elects the President and Vice President of the United States based on the popular vote in each state and the District of Columbia. Each state’s number of votes in the Electoral College is equal to that state’s total number of members in the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States Congress.

The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution effectively grants the District of Columbia (DC), which is not part of any state, three Electoral College votes. More precisely, DC gets as many Electoral College votes as it would have if it were a state, with the caveat that DC can have no more votes than the least populous state (currently, Wyoming). Currently, this caveat is a moot point since DC would only be entitled to one member of the House of Representatives if it were a state, and is more populous than only two of the seven states with a single member in the House since 2013. Since the Constitution guarantees every state at least one member of the U.S. House of Representatives and two U.S. Senators, it effectively guarantees every state (and, since the ratification of the 23rd Amendment to the Constitution, DC) at least three Electoral College votes. Thus, the total representation in the Electoral College is 538 members (100 senators, plus 435 representatives, plus 3 members for the District of Columbia). Territories of the United States such as Puerto Rico are not included in the electoral college, and so people in those territories cannot vote for the President of the United States.

State and territory rankings

Rank		State or territory	Census population		Change, 2010–2020		U.S. House of R.		Est. pop. per electoral vote, 2020	Census pop. per seat		% of the total U.S. pop.			% of Electoral College
Current	2010		Estimated July 1, 2020	April 1, 2010	%	Absolute	Seats	%		Est. 2020	2010	Est. 2020	2010	Change, 2010–2020
1	1	California	39,368,078	37,253,956	5.7%	+2,114,122	53	12.18%	715,783	742,794	702,905	11.82%	11.91%	–0.09%	10.22%
2	2	Texas	29,360,759	25,145,561	16.8%	+4,215,198	36	8.28%	772,652	815,577	698,488	8.82%	8.04%	0.78%	7.06%
3	4	Florida	21,733,312	18,801,310	15.6%	+2,932,002	27	6.21%	749,425	804,937	696,345	6.53%	6.01%	0.52%	5.39%
4	3	New York	19,336,776	19,378,102	–0.2%	–41,326	27	6.21%	666,785	716,177	717,707	5.81%	6.19%	–0.39%	5.39%
5	6	Pennsylvania	12,783,254	12,702,379	0.6%	+80,875	18	4.14%	639,163	710,181	705,688	3.84%	4.06%	–0.22%	3.72%
6	5	Illinois	12,587,530	12,830,632	–1.9%	–243,102	18	4.14%	629,377	699,307	712,813	3.78%	4.10%	–0.32%	3.72%
7	7	Ohio	11,693,217	11,536,504	1.4%	+156,713	16	3.68%	649,623	730,826	721,032	3.51%	3.69%	–0.18%	3.35%
8	9	Georgia	10,710,017	9,687,653	10.6%	+1,022,364	14	3.22%	669,376	765,001	691,975	3.22%	3.10%	0.12%	2.97%
9	10	North Carolina	10,600,823	9,535,483	11.2%	+1,065,340	13	2.99%	706,722	815,448	733,499	3.18%	3.05%	0.13%	2.79%
10	8	Michigan	9,966,555	9,883,640	0.8%	+82,915	14	3.22%	622,910	711,897	705,974	2.99%	3.16%	–0.17%	2.97%
11	11	New Jersey	8,882,371	8,791,894	1.0%	+90,477	12	2.76%	634,455	740,198	732,658	2.67%	2.81%	–0.14%	2.60%
12	12	Virginia	8,590,563	8,001,024	7.4%	+589,539	11	2.53%	660,813	780,960	727,366	2.58%	2.56%	0.02%	2.42%
13	13	Washington	7,693,612	6,724,540	14.4%	+969,072	10	2.30%	641,134	769,361	672,454	2.31%	2.15%	0.16%	2.23%
14	16	Arizona	7,421,401	6,392,017	16.1%	+1,029,384	9	2.07%	674,673	824,600	710,224	2.23%	2.04%	0.19%	2.04%
15	14	Massachusetts	6,893,574	6,547,629	5.3%	+345,945	9	2.07%	626,689	765,953	727,514	2.07%	2.09%	–0.02%	2.04%
16	17	Tennessee	6,886,834	6,346,105	8.5%	+540,729	9	2.07%	626,076	765,204	705,123	2.07%	2.03%	0.04%	2.04%
17	15	Indiana	6,754,953	6,483,802	4.2%	+271,151	9	2.07%	614,087	750,550	720,422	2.03%	2.07%	–0.04%	2.04%
18	18	Missouri	6,151,548	5,988,927	2.7%	+162,621	8	1.84%	615,155	768,944	748,616	1.85%	1.91%	–0.07%	1.86%
19	19	Maryland	6,055,802	5,773,552	4.9%	+282,250	8	1.84%	605,580	756,975	721,694	1.82%	1.85%	–0.03%	1.86%
20	20	Wisconsin	5,832,655	5,686,986	2.6%	+145,669	8	1.84%	583,266	729,082	710,873	1.75%	1.82%	–0.07%	1.86%
21	22	Colorado	5,807,719	5,029,196	15.5%	+778,523	7	1.61%	645,302	829,674	718,457	1.74%	1.61%	0.14%	1.67%
22	21	Minnesota	5,657,342	5,303,925	6.7%	+353,417	8	1.84%	565,734	707,168	662,991	1.70%	1.70%	0.00%	1.86%
23	24	South Carolina	5,218,040	4,625,364	12.8%	+592,676	7	1.61%	579,782	745,434	660,766	1.57%	1.48%	0.09%	1.67%
24	23	Alabama	4,921,532	4,779,736	3.0%	+141,796	7	1.61%	546,837	703,076	682,819	1.48%	1.53%	–0.05%	1.67%
25	25	Louisiana	4,645,318	4,533,372	2.5%	+111,946	6	1.38%	580,665	774,220	755,562	1.39%	1.45%	–0.05%	1.49%
26	26	Kentucky	4,477,251	4,339,367	3.2%	+137,884	6	1.38%	559,656	746,209	723,228	1.34%	1.39%	–0.04%	1.49%
27	27	Oregon	4,241,507	3,831,074	10.7%	+410,433	5	1.15%	605,930	848,301	766,215	1.27%	1.22%	0.05%	1.30%
28	28	Oklahoma	3,980,783	3,751,351	6.1%	+229,432	5	1.15%	568,683	796,157	750,270	1.20%	1.20%	–0.00%	1.30%
29	30	Connecticut	3,557,006	3,574,097	–0.5%	–17,091	5	1.15%	508,144	711,401	714,819	1.07%	1.14%	–0.07%	1.30%
30	35	Utah	3,249,879	2,763,885	17.6%	+485,994	4	0.92%	541,647	812,470	690,971	0.98%	0.88%	0.09%	1.12%
31	29	Puerto Rico	3,189,068	3,725,789	–‍14.4%	–536,721	1*		—	3,193,694	3,725,789	0.96%	1.19%	–0.23%	—
32	31	Iowa	3,163,561	3,046,355	3.8%	+117,206	4	0.92%	527,260	790,890	761,589	0.95%	0.97%	–0.02%	1.12%
33	36	Nevada	3,138,259	2,700,551	16.2%	+437,708	4	0.92%	523,043	784,565	675,138	0.94%	0.86%	0.08%	1.12%
34	33	Arkansas	3,030,522	2,915,918	3.9%	+114,604	4	0.92%	505,087	757,631	728,980	0.91%	0.93%	–0.02%	1.12%
35	32	Mississippi	2,966,786	2,967,297	–0.0%	–511	4	0.92%	494,464	741,697	741,824	0.89%	0.95%	–0.06%	1.12%
36	34	Kansas	2,913,805	2,853,118	2.1%	+60,687	4	0.92%	485,634	728,451	713,280	0.87%	0.91%	–0.03%	1.12%
37	37	New Mexico	2,106,319	2,059,179	2.3%	+47,140	3	0.69%	421,264	702,106	686,393	0.63%	0.66%	–0.03%	0.93%
38	39	Nebraska	1,937,552	1,826,341	6.1%	+111,211	3	0.69%	387,510	645,851	608,780	0.58%	0.58%	–0.00%	0.93%
39	40	Idaho	1,826,913	1,567,582	16.5%	+259,331	2	0.46%	456,728	913,457	783,791	0.55%	0.50%	0.05%	0.74%
40	38	West Virginia	1,784,787	1,852,994	–3.7%	–68,207	3	0.69%	356,957	594,929	617,665	0.54%	0.59%	–0.06%	0.93%
41	41	Hawaii	1,407,006	1,360,301	3.4%	+46,705	2	0.46%	351,752	703,503	680,151	0.42%	0.43%	–0.01%	0.74%
42	43	New Hampshire	1,366,275	1,316,470	3.8%	+49,805	2	0.46%	341,569	683,168	658,235	0.41%	0.42%	–0.01%	0.74%
43	42	Maine	1,350,141	1,328,361	1.6%	+21,780	2	0.46%	337,535	675,071	664,181	0.41%	0.42%	–0.02%	0.74%
44	45	Montana	1,080,577	989,415	9.2%	+91,162	1	0.23%	360,192	1,080,577	989,415	0.32%	0.32%	0.01%	0.56%
45	44	Rhode Island	1,057,125	1,052,567	0.4%	+4,558	2	0.46%	264,281	528,563	526,284	0.32%	0.34%	–0.02%	0.74%
46	46	Delaware	986,809	897,934	9.9%	+88,875	1	0.23%	328,936	986,809	897,934	0.30%	0.29%	0.01%	0.56%
47	47	South Dakota	892,717	814,180	9.6%	+78,537	1	0.23%	297,572	892,717	814,180	0.27%	0.26%	0.01%	0.56%
48	49	North Dakota	765,309	672,591	13.8%	+92,718	1	0.23%	255,103	765,309	672,591	0.23%	0.21%	0.01%	0.56%
49	48	Alaska	731,158	710,231	2.9%	+20,927	1	0.23%	243,719	731,158	710,231	0.22%	0.23%	–0.01%	0.56%
50	51	District of Columbia	712,816	601,723	18.5%	+111,093	1*	—	237,605	—	—	0.21%	0.19%	0.02%	0.56%
51	50	Vermont	623,347	625,741	–0.4%	–2,394	1	0.23%	207,782	623,347	625,741	0.19%	0.20%	–0.01%	0.56%
52	52	Wyoming	582,328	563,626	3.3%	+18,702	1	0.23%	194,109	582,328	563,626	0.17%	0.18%	–0.01%	0.56%
53	53	Guam	168,485	159,358	5.7%	+9,127	1*	—	—	—	—	0.05%	0.05%	–0.00%	—
54	54	U.S. Virgin Islands	106,235	106,405	–0.2%	–170	1*	—	—	—	—	0.03%	0.03%	–0.00%	—
55	56	Northern Mariana Islands	51,433	53,883	–4.5%	–2,450	1*	—	—	—	—	0.02%	0.02%	–0.00%	—
56	55	American Samoa	49,437	55,519	–11.0%	–6,082	1*	—	—	—	—	0.01%	0.02%	–0.00%	—
—	—	Contiguous United States	327,345,959	306,675,006	6.7%	+20,670,953	432	99.31%	616,471	757,745	709,896	98.29%	98.03%	0.26%	98.70%
—	—	The fifty states	328,771,307	308,143,815	6.7%	+20,627,492	435	—	614,526	755,796	708,377	98.72%	98.50%	0.22%	99.44%
—	—	The fifty states and D.C.	329,484,123	308,745,538	6.7%	+20,738,585	435 (+1*)	—	612,424	—	—	98.93%	98.69%	0.24%	100.00%
—	—	Total United States	333,048,781	312,846,492	6.5%	+20,202,289	435 (+6*)	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

* — non-voting member of the House of Representatives.

Summary of population by region

Population of states, territories, divisions and regions

State/federal district/territory/ division/region	Rank	2019 population	Rank	2010 population	Rank	2000 population	Rank	2000– 2010 change	Geographic sort
Massachusetts	15	6,892,503	14	6,547,629	13	6,349,097	43	3.1%	NEng
Connecticut	29	3,565,287	29	3,574,097	29	3,405,565	35	4.9%	NEng
New Hampshire	41	1,359,711	42	1,316,470	41	1,235,786	32	6.5%	NEng
Maine	42	1,344,212	41	1,328,361	40	1,274,923	39	4.2%	NEng
Rhode Island	44	1,059,361	43	1,052,567	43	1,048,319	49	0.4%	NEng
Vermont	49	623,989	49	625,741	49	608,827	44	2.8%	NEng
New England	9	14,845,063	9	14,444,865	9	13,922,517	7	3.8%	NEast
New York	4	19,453,561	3	19,378,102	3	18,976,457	46	2.1%	MAtl
Pennsylvania	5	12,801,989	6	12,702,379	6	12,281,054	41	3.4%	MAtl
New Jersey	11	8,882,190	11	8,791,894	9	8,414,350	37	4.5%	MAtl
Mid-Atlantic	4	41,137,740	4	40,872,375	4	39,671,861	8	3.0%	NEast
Northeast	4	55,982,803	4	55,317,240	4	53,594,378	4	3.2%	USA
Florida	3	21,477,737	4	18,801,310	4	15,982,378	8	17.6%	SAtl
Georgia	8	10,617,423	9	9,687,653	10	8,186,453	7	18.3%	SAtl
North Carolina	9	10,488,084	10	9,535,483	11	8,049,313	6	18.5%	SAtl
Virginia	12	8,535,519	12	8,001,024	12	7,078,515	16	13.0%	SAtl
Maryland	19	6,045,680	19	5,773,552	19	5,296,486	23	9.0%	SAtl
South Carolina	23	5,148,714	24	4,625,364	26	4,012,012	10	15.3%	SAtl
West Virginia	38	1,792,147	37	1,852,994	37	1,808,344	45	2.5%	SAtl
Delaware	45	973,764	45	897,934	45	783,600	11	14.6%	SAtl
District of Columbia	–	705,749	–	601,723	–	572,059	–	5.2%	SAtl
South Atlantic	1	65,784,817	1	59,777,037	1	51,769,160	3	15.5%	South
Tennessee	16	6,829,174	17	6,346,105	16	5,689,283	19	11.5%	ESC
Alabama	24	4,903,185	23	4,779,736	23	4,447,100	27	7.5%	ESC
Kentucky	26	4,467,673	26	4,339,367	25	4,041,769	28	7.4%	ESC
Mississippi	34	2,976,149	31	2,967,297	31	2,844,658	38	4.3%	ESC
East South Central	8	19,176,181	8	18,432,505	8	17,022,810	5	8.3%	South
Texas	2	28,995,881	2	25,145,561	2	20,851,820	5	20.6%	WSC
Louisiana	25	4,648,794	25	4,533,372	22	4,468,976	48	1.4%	WSC
Oklahoma	28	3,956,971	28	3,751,351	27	3,450,654	24	8.7%	WSC
Arkansas	33	3,017,804	32	2,915,918	33	2,673,400	22	9.1%	WSC
West South Central	5	40,619,450	5	36,346,202	5	31,444,850	2	15.6%	South
South	1	125,580,448	1	114,555,744	1	100,236,820	1	14.3%	USA
Illinois	6	12,671,821	5	12,830,632	5	12,419,293	42	3.3%	ENC
Ohio	7	11,689,100	7	11,536,504	7	11,353,140	47	1.6%	ENC
Michigan	10	9,986,857	8	9,883,640	8	9,938,444	50	-0.6%	ENC
Indiana	17	6,732,219	15	6,483,802	14	6,080,485	31	6.6%	ENC
Wisconsin	20	5,822,434	20	5,686,986	18	5,363,675	34	6.0%	ENC
East North Central	3	46,902,431	3	46,421,564	2	45,155,037	9	2.8%	MWest
Missouri	18	6,137,428	18	5,988,927	17	5,595,211	29	7.0%	WNC
Minnesota	22	5,639,632	21	5,303,925	21	4,919,479	26	7.8%	WNC
Iowa	31	3,155,070	30	3,046,355	30	2,926,324	40	4.1%	WNC
Kansas	35	2,913,314	33	2,853,118	32	2,688,418	33	6.1%	WNC
Nebraska	37	1,934,408	38	1,826,341	38	1,711,263	30	6.7%	WNC
South Dakota	46	884,659	46	814,180	46	754,844	25	7.9%	WNC
North Dakota	47	762,062	48	672,591	47	642,200	36	4.7%	WNC
West North Central	7	21,426,573	7	20,505,437	6	19,237,739	6	6.6%	MWest
Midwest	3	68,329,004	3	66,927,001	2	64,392,776	3	3.9%	USA
Arizona	14	7,278,717	16	6,392,017	20	5,130,632	2	24.6%	Mtn
Colorado	21	5,758,736	22	5,029,196	24	4,301,261	9	16.9%	Mtn
Utah	30	3,205,958	34	2,763,885	34	2,233,169	3	23.8%	Mtn
Nevada	32	3,080,156	35	2,700,551	35	1,998,257	1	35.1%	Mtn
New Mexico	36	2,096,829	36	2,059,179	36	1,819,046	15	13.2%	Mtn
Idaho	39	1,787,065	39	1,567,582	39	1,293,953	4	21.1%	Mtn
Montana	43	1,068,778	44	989,415	44	902,195	21	9.7%	Mtn
Wyoming	50	578,759	50	563,626	50	493,782	12	14.1%	Mtn
Mountain	6	24,854,998	6	22,065,451	7	18,172,295	1	21.4%	West
California	1	39,512,223	1	37,253,956	1	33,871,648	20	10.0%	Pac
Washington	13	7,614,893	13	6,724,540	15	5,894,121	13	14.1%	Pac
Oregon	27	4,217,737	27	3,831,074	28	3,421,399	18	12.0%	Pac
Hawaii	40	1,415,872	40	1,360,301	42	1,211,537	17	12.3%	Pac
Alaska	48	731,545	47	710,231	48	626,932	14	13.3%	Pac
Pacific	2	53,492,270	2	49,880,102	3	45,025,637	4	10.8%	West
West	2	78,347,268	2	71,945,553	3	63,197,932	2	13.8%	USA
50 states and District of Columbia	–	328,239,523	–	308,745,538	–	281,421,906	–	9.7%	NAmer
Puerto Rico	1	3,193,694	1	3,725,789	1	3,808,610	3	-2.2%	Terr.
Guam	2		2	159,358	2	154,805	1	2.9%	Terr.
U.S. Virgin Islands	3		3	106,405	3	108,612	2	-2.0%	Terr.
American Samoa	4		4	55,519	5	57,291	4	-3.1%	Terr.
Northern Mariana Islands	5		5	53,883	4	69,221	5	-22.2%	Terr.
Total Territories	–		–	4,100,954	–	4,198,539	–	-2.3%	USA