Metre-gauge railway

Metre-gauge railways are narrow-gauge railways with track gauge of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+38 in) or 1 metre.

The metre gauge is used in around 95,000 kilometres (59,000 mi) of tracks around the world. It was used by European colonial powers, such as the French, British and German Empires. In Europe, large metre-gauge networks remain in use in Switzerland, northern Spain and many European towns with urban trams, but most metre-gauge local railways in France, Germany and Belgium closed down in the mid-20th century. With the revival of urban rail transport, metre-gauge light metros were established in some cities, and in other cities, metre gauge was replaced by standard gauge. The slightly-wider 1,009 mm (3 ft 3+2332 in) gauge is used in Sofia.

Examples of metre-gauge

Country/territory Railway
Argentina 11,080 km (6,880 mi)Ferrocarril General Manuel Belgrano
Austria
  • Innsbruck Tramway (operating)
  • Gmunden Tramway (operating)
  • Stubaitalbahn (operating)
  • Achenseebahn (operating)
Bangladesh 1,830 km (1,140 mi), out of which 365 km (227 mi) are dual gauge with 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) gauge
Belgium
  • Charleroi Light Metro (operating)
  • Antwerp Tram (operating)
  • Ghent Tram (operating)
  • Belgian Coast Tram (operating)
    • the latter three operated by De Lijn
Benin 578 km (359 mi)

  • National rail network.
Bolivia 3,600 km (2,200 mi)

  • National rail network.
Brazil 23,489 km (14,595 mi)

  • Mostly in cargo railways, including E.F Vitoria-Minas Passenger/Cargo Line and R.R. (operating)
  • Fortaleza Metro (operating)
  • Teresina Metro (operating)
Bulgaria 154 km (96 mi) of 1,009 mm (3 ft 3+2332 in) gauge

  • Entire Sofia Tramway system, except for three lines that use standard gauge. (operating)
Burkina Faso
  • Abidjan-Ouagadougou railway (operating)
Burma 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi) 160 kilometres (99 mi)

  • Burmese railways, except for the Burma Mines Railway.
Cambodia 612 km (380 mi)
Cameroon 1,104 km (686 mi)
Chile 2,923 km (1,816 mi)

  • Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado (Ferronor), Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia, Arica–La Paz railway.
China
  • Kunhe Railway (formerly the Yunnan–Vietnam Railway) (operating).
Croatia
  • Zagreb Tramway (operating)
  • Osijek tram system (operating)
Czech Republic Like other Sudeten cities, the tram of Liberec used metre gauge in the past. The inner city lines however, have been rebuilt to standard gauge and the only line that still uses the metre gauge is the 13 km (8.1 mi) long Jablonec nad Nisou line connecting the city with Jablonec nad Nisou.
Democratic Republic of the Congo Several metre gauge railways
Denmark A few local railways. Only one remains, but regauged to standard gauge.

  • Århus tramway (closed), Danish Tramway Museum.
Egypt
  • Cairo tram (ceased operations)
Finland
  • Helsinki tram (operating)
France Historically used in many local and regional railways, only a few of which remain today.

  • Saint-Gervais-Vallorcine Line and Villefranche-Vernet-les-Bains–La Tour-de-Carol (operating)
  • Blanc-Argent Railway, from Salbris to Valençay (operating)
  • Chemins de fer de la Provence (Train des pignes) (operating)
  • Chemins de fer de la Corse; Chemin de fer de La Mure (operating)
  • Panoramique des Domes (operating)
  • Tramway de Lille (operating)
  • Tramway de Saint-Etienne (operating)
  • Chemin de fer du Finistère (operating)
  • Chemin de fer de la Baie de Somme (operating)
Germany
  • Trams in Augsburg
  • Trams in Bad Schandau
  • Bielefeld Stadtbahn
  • Trams in Bochum/Gelsenkirchen
  • Trams in Brandenburg
  • Trams in Cottbus
  • Trams in Darmstadt
  • Erfurt Stadtbahn
  • Trams in Essen
  • Trams in Frankfurt (Oder)
  • Trams in Freiburg im Breisgau
  • Trams in Görlitz
  • Trams in Gotha
  • Trams in Halberstadt
  • Trams in Halle (Saale)
  • Trams in Heidelberg
  • Trams in Jena
  • Trams in Krefeld
  • Trams in Mainz
  • Trams in Mannheim/Ludwigshafen
  • Trams in Mülheim/Oberhausen
  • Trams in Naumburg (Saale)
  • Trams in Nordhausen
  • Trams in Plauen
  • Trams in Schöneiche
  • Trams in Ulm
  • Trams in Würzburg
  • Trams in Zwickau
  • Harzer Schmalspurbahnen (operating)
  • Bavarian Zugspitzbahn (operating)
Greece The Piraeus, Athens and Peloponnese Railways used to be the largest metre-gauge network in Europe but are now largely abandoned. Only the suburban rail service of Patras, and the Olympia–Katakolo tourist railway still use the network.
India Nilgiri Mountain Railway (operating)
Iraq Mesopotamian Railways
Israel Sections of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+38 in) railways, later converted to 1,050 mm (3 ft 5+1132 in) or 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) gauge
Italy
  • Trento–Malè–Marilleva railway, owned by Trentino Trasporti (operating)
  • Ferrovia Genova–Casella (operating)
  • Domodossola–Locarno international railway (operating)
  • Trieste–Opicina tramway (operating)
  • Rittnerbahn-ferrovia del Renon tramway (operating)
  • Laas-Lasa marble quarry railway (operating)
  • Bernina railway (crosses into Switzerland) (UNESCO World Heritage Site status shared with Albula Railway in Switzerland) (operating)
Ivory Coast
  • Abidjan-Ouagadougou railway (operating)
Kenya
  • Uganda Railway run by Kenya Railways Corporation. Metre gauge link from Nairobi Standard Gauge station to city centre (operating)
Laos A 3.5 km extension of the metre-gauge State Railway of Thailand network across the border into Laos
Latvia Liepāja tramway (operating)
Madagascar 875 km (544 mi). There are two unconnected systems operated by Madarail
Malaysia
  • Keretapi Tanah Melayu (Malayan Railway) – KTM Intercity, KTM ETS and KTM Komuter
  • Sabah State Railway
  • Penang Hill Railway.
Mali 641 km (398 mi) Dakar–Niger Railway
Malta Malta Railway
Morocco Several industrial railways in former Spanish Morocco
New Zealand Wellington Cable Car (operating)
Norway
  • Thamshavn Line (operating)
  • Trondheim Tramway (operating)
Pakistan
  • Mirpur Khas–Nawabshah Railway (defunct)
  • One section of Hyderabad–Khokhrapar Branch Line (converted to broad gauge)
Poland
  • Trams in Bydgoszcz (operating)
  • Trams in Toruń (operating)
    • there are plans to interconnect both cities’ systems
  • Trams in Elbląg (operating)
  • Tramways in Grudziądz (operating)
  • Trams in Łódź (including suburban lines) (operating)
  • Trams in Olsztyn (defunct 1965, newly-built system in 2015 is standard gauge)
  • Gryficka Kolej Wąskotorowa (operating as a tourist railway)
  • Koszalińska Kolej Wąskotorowa (operating as a tourist railway)
  • Piaseczyńska Kolej Wąskotorowa (operating as a tourist railway)
Portugal Several mainly mountainous branch lines, mostly abandoned in the 1990s, never fully interconnected — connected to the REFER network by means of shared stations and some dual-gauge stretches. Metro de Mirandela and Vouga line remain in use. Other metric networks include Funchal rack railway (defunct in 1943), Coimbra trams (defunct in 1980), and Sintra trams.
Puerto Rico Full network of Puerto Rican 1000mm railways in 1920: 654 km (406 mi)

  • American Railroad Company – 417 km (259 mi), (1891-c.1957) (defunct). After 1957, some tracks of American Railroad Company were acquired by Land Authority of Puerto Rico for sugar cane hauling: the Arecibo network (Central Cambalache: 1957-1981) (defunct) and the Aguada-Mayagüez line (Central Coloso: 1957-c.1970) (defunct)
  • Fajardo Development Company – 59.9 km (37.2 mi) for sugar cane hauling between Carolina to Naguabo in eastern Puerto Rico (1902-1977) (defunct)
  • Ferrocarril Histórico de Puerto Rico, Fajardo – 7.4 km (4.6 mi) tracks of Central Fajardo Railroad from Fajardo outskirts to El Yunque foothills used as right-of-way for this heritage railroad since 1971. Destroyed by Fajardo River flooding in 1974 (defunct)
  • Ponce and Guayama Railroad – 97 km (60 mi) for sugar cane hauling between Ponce to Arroyo in southern Puerto Rico (1904-1990) (defunct)
  • Train of the South – 6.4 km (4.0 mi) tracks of Ponce and Guayama Railroad from Guayama to Arroyo used as right-of-way for this heritage railroad between 1984-1988 and reused between 1996-2005 (defunct)
  • Caguas Tramway (Río Piedras-Caguas Railway) – 28 km (17 mi) (1908-1928) (defunct)
  • Mayagüez Tramway (1915-1927) (defunct)
  • Ponce Tramway (1902-1927) (defunct)
Romania
  • Arad tram (operating)
  • Iaşi tram (operating)
  • Sibiu tram (operating)
  • Was used in Galaţi tram until fully replaced by standard gauge in 1975.
Russia
  • Kaliningrad tramway (operating)
  • Pyatigorsk tramway (operating)
Senegal Dakar–Niger Railway – 1,287 km (800 mi)
Serbia Belgrade Tram (operating)
Singapore Singapore span of the Keretapi Tanah Melayu (Malayan Railway) for shuttle service.
Slovakia
  • Bratislava trams/streetcars (operating)
  • Tatra Electric Railway (Tatranské elektrické železnice), a mountain railroad and a rack railway in the area of the High Tatras. (operating)
  • Košice Children’s Heritage Railway in Košice. (operating)
Spain
  • Euskotren Trena inter-city, commuter & metro lines and Euskotren Tranbia (Bilbao and Vitoria-Gasteiz) tram lines
  • Renfe Feve lines in north-west Spain, including the Transcantábrico (operating)
  • Barcelona Metro line 8; Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya suburban lines S4, S8, R5 and R6 (operating)
  • Metro Bilbao (operating)
  • Cercanías Madrid C-9 (Cercedilla–Cotos) (operating)
  • Palma de Mallorca Metro (operating)
  • Valencia Metro (operating)
  • Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana (operating)
Sweden Skansens bergbana (operating)
Switzerland Many narrow-gauge railways: suburban railways, mountain railways, rack railways, some long-distance railways and trams.

  • Albula Railway (crosses into Italy) and Bernina railway. These railways share UNESCO World Heritage Site status as part of the Rhaetian Railway (operating)
  • Appenzell–St. Gallen–Trogen railway, Altstätten–Gais railway line, Gossau–Wasserauen railway line, runs in the cantons of St. Gallen, Appenzell Innerrhoden and Appenzell Ausserrhoden (operating)
  • Dolderbahn, Funicular railway in Zurich converted into a rack railway and extended in the early 1970s. (operating)
  • Forchbahn, runs as a tram in Zürich city and as a train outside the city (operating)
  • Zentralbahn, merged with Luzern Stans Engelbergbahn, Brünigbahn and Meiringen Innertkirchen Bahn (operating)
  • Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn, (operating)
  • Chemins de fer du Jura, (operating)
  • La Chaux-de-Fonds–Glovelier line, (operating)
  • La Chaux-de-Fonds–Les Ponts-de-Martel railway, (operating)
  • Saignelégier–La Chaux-de-Fonds Railway, (operating)
  • Le Locle–Les Brenets line, (operating)
  • Trams in Neuchâtel, (operating)
  • Centovalli railway, (operating)
  • Lugano–Ponte Tresa Railway, (operating)
  • Martigny–Châtelard Railway, (operating)
  • Chemin de fer Nyon-St-Cergue-Morez, (operating)
  • Chemin de fer Bière-Apples-Morges, (operating)
  • Chemin de fer Yverdon–Ste-Croix, (operating)
  • Chemin de fer Lausanne–Echallens–Bercher, (operating)
  • Chemin de Fer Montreux Oberland Bernois, (operating)
  • Transports Publics du Chablais, (operating)
  • Frauenfeld-Wil-Bahn, (operating)
  • Regionalverkehr Bern-Solothurn, (operating)
  • Biel–Täuffelen–Ins railway, (operating)
  • Trams in Basel, (operating)
  • Baselland Transport, (operating)
  • Trams in Bern, (operating)
  • Trams in Geneva, (operating)
  • Berner Oberlandbahn, (operating)
  • Montreux–Glion–Rochers-de-Naye railway, (operating)
  • Montreux Bernese Oberland Railway, (operating)
  • Gornergratbahn, (operating)
  • Trams in Zürich, trams in Zürich city and Glattal (operating)
  • List of narrow-gauge railways in Switzerland
Tanzania Tanzania Railways Corporation – about 2,600 km (1,600 mi) (break of gauge with 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) TAZARA Railway)
Thailand State Railway of Thailand, 4,346 km (2,700 mi).
Togo 568 km (353 mi).
Tunisia 1,674 km (1,040 mi) used along with standard gauge (471 km (293 mi))
Turkey
  • T3 Line of Burtram (operating)
  • EsTram (operating)
  • Istanbul nostalgic tramways (operating)
Uganda Uganda Railway run by Uganda Railways Corporation
Ukraine
  • Lviv tram (operating)
  • Vinnytsia Tramway (operating)
  • Zhytomyr tram (operating)
United Kingdom
  • Waltham Iron Ore Tramway
  • Wellingborough Tramway
  • Davington Light Railway
  • Crich Tramway (apparently the first metre-gauge railway in the world)
  • Butts Tramway, Butts Extension Tramway, Lindal Moor Tramway, Eure Pits Tramway (coherent group of lines serving iron ore mines near Dalton-in-Furness, Cumbria, built 1849–1862)
United States
  • Sierra Lumber Company Railroad. A metre-gauge railway built in 1881 from Lyonsville, California into the redwood forests. It used three steam locomotives and worked until 1907.
Vietnam Vietnam Railways and KunHe Railway