Rubab can refer to:
- Rubab (instrument), a lute-like musical instrument
- Pamiri rubab, a fretless six-strung lute
- Rubab bint Imra al-Qais, wife of Husayn ibn ‘Alī
- Rubab Raza (born 1991), Pakistani Olympic swimmer
- Rubab Sayda (born 1950), Indian politician
- Meera (Irtiza Rubab) (born 1976), Pakistani film actress